高低频联合身体和认知训练对认知功能下降的老年人认知功能的影响：一项准实验研究。
The effects of high versus low frequency of combined physical and cognitive training on cognitive function in older adults with cognitive decline: a quasi-experimental study.
机构信息
Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259 Wen-Hwa 1St Road, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Department of Neurology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
出版信息
BMC Geriatr. 2023 Feb 14;23(1):94. doi: 10.1186/s12877-023-03802-8.
BACKGROUND
The effects of combined training can be affected by training characteristics such as frequency, session length, and duration. No empirical studies to date have directly compared how combined physical and cognitive training offered at different training frequencies affects cognitive function for older adults with cognitive decline. This study investigated the impact of training frequency on cognitive outcomes after combined physical and cognitive training for older adults with cognitive decline.
METHODS
A quasi-experimental study was conducted in community facilities and day care centers. The study assigned 89 older adults with cognitive decline into high-frequency (HF) or low-frequency (LF) training groups. The participants received 90- to 105-min training sessions, one (LF) or three (HF) times a week, for 12 weeks. Outcome measures were the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Word List subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale, Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and Stroop Color Word Test.
RESULTS
The HF group demonstrated greater improvement in immediate memory measured by the WL-IM (F = 8.7, P = 0.004) and in executive function measured by the SCWT (F = 5.89, P = 0.017) than the LF group. Compared with the HF group, the LF group showed a great improvement in delayed memory measured by the WL-DM (F = 9.62, P = 0.003). The HF and LF groups both increased in processing speed and global cognitive function.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study indicated that the different training frequency of combined physical and cognitive training may result in benefits on different cognitive functions in older adults with cognitive decline. These findings may assist clinical practitioners in choosing appropriate training frequencies based on various intervention purposes for the elderly with cognitive decline.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03619577 (08/08/2018).
背景
联合训练的效果可能会受到训练特征（如频率、课时长度和持续时间）的影响。迄今为止，没有实证研究直接比较不同训练频率下提供的联合身体和认知训练如何影响认知能力下降的老年人的认知功能。本研究调查了训练频率对认知能力下降的老年人进行联合身体和认知训练后的认知结果的影响。
方法
在社区设施和日托中心进行了一项准实验研究。该研究将 89 名认知能力下降的老年人分为高频（HF）或低频（LF）训练组。参与者接受 90-105 分钟的训练课程，每周一次（LF）或三次（HF），共 12 周。结果测量指标为蒙特利尔认知评估、韦氏记忆量表单词列表子测验（WL-IM）、数字符号替代测验（DSST）和斯特鲁普色词测验（SCWT）。
结果
HF 组在即时记忆（WL-IM）（F=8.7，P=0.004）和执行功能（SCWT）（F=5.89，P=0.017）方面的表现优于 LF 组，在立即记忆方面的改善更为明显。与 HF 组相比，LF 组在延迟记忆（WL-DM）（F=9.62，P=0.003）方面的改善更为明显。HF 组和 LF 组的处理速度和整体认知功能均有所提高。
结论
我们的研究表明，认知下降的老年人进行联合身体和认知训练的不同训练频率可能会对不同的认知功能产生益处。这些发现可能有助于临床医生根据认知能力下降的老年人的各种干预目的选择合适的训练频率。
试验注册
ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符 NCT03619577（2018 年 8 月 8 日）。
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