恩替诺特可降低免疫抑制作用,促进 HER2+乳腺癌肿瘤微环境中的抗肿瘤反应。

Entinostat Decreases Immune Suppression to Promote Antitumor Responses in a HER2+ Breast Tumor Microenvironment.

机构信息

Johns Hopkins Convergence Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

出版信息

Cancer Immunol Res. 2022 May 3;10(5):656-669. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-21-0170.

Abstract

Therapeutic combinations to alter immunosuppressive, solid tumor microenvironments (TME), such as in breast cancer, are essential to improve responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Entinostat, an oral histone deacetylase inhibitor, has been shown to improve responses to ICIs in various tumor models with immunosuppressive TMEs. The precise and comprehensive alterations to the TME induced by entinostat remain unknown. Here, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing on HER2-overexpressing breast tumors from mice treated with entinostat and ICIs to fully characterize changes across multiple cell types within the TME. This analysis demonstrates that treatment with entinostat induced a shift from a protumor to an antitumor TME signature, characterized predominantly by changes in myeloid cells. We confirmed myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) within entinostat-treated tumors associated with a less suppressive granulocytic (G)-MDSC phenotype and exhibited altered suppressive signaling that involved the NFκB and STAT3 pathways. In addition to MDSCs, tumor-associated macrophages were epigenetically reprogrammed from a protumor M2-like phenotype toward an antitumor M1-like phenotype, which may be contributing to a more sensitized TME. Overall, our in-depth analysis suggests that entinostat-induced changes on multiple myeloid cell types reduce immunosuppression and increase antitumor responses, which, in turn, improve sensitivity to ICIs. Sensitization of the TME by entinostat could ultimately broaden the population of patients with breast cancer who could benefit from ICIs.

摘要

改变免疫抑制性、实体肿瘤微环境(TME)的治疗组合,例如在乳腺癌中,对于提高免疫检查点抑制剂(ICI)的反应至关重要。恩替诺特(entinostat)是一种口服组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂,已被证明可改善具有免疫抑制性 TME 的各种肿瘤模型对 ICI 的反应。恩替诺特诱导的 TME 的精确和全面改变仍不清楚。在这里,我们对用恩替诺特和 ICI 治疗的 HER2 过表达的小鼠乳腺癌肿瘤进行了单细胞 RNA 测序,以全面描述 TME 中多种细胞类型的变化。该分析表明,用恩替诺特治疗会导致 TME 从促肿瘤转变为抗肿瘤特征,主要特征是髓样细胞发生变化。我们在恩替诺特治疗的肿瘤中证实了髓系来源的抑制细胞(MDSC)与较少抑制性粒细胞(G)-MDSC 表型相关,并表现出改变的抑制信号,涉及 NFκB 和 STAT3 途径。除了 MDSC 之外,肿瘤相关巨噬细胞从促肿瘤 M2 样表型被表观遗传重编程为抗肿瘤 M1 样表型,这可能有助于更敏感的 TME。总的来说,我们的深入分析表明,恩替诺特诱导的多种髓样细胞类型的变化可减少免疫抑制并增加抗肿瘤反应,从而提高对 ICI 的敏感性。恩替诺特对 TME 的敏化作用最终可能会扩大受益于 ICI 的乳腺癌患者群体。

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