Bieber A, Dammermann A, Dichter M N, Dinand C, Eich-Krohm A, Freytag S, Möhler R, Sander M, Thalhammer R, Fleischer S
Institut für Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Straße 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Deutschland.
Institut für Sozialmedizin und Epidemiologie, Sektion für Forschung und Lehre in der Pflege, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2022 Mar;55(2):143-149. doi: 10.1007/s00391-022-02034-6. Epub 2022 Feb 24.
In the spring of 2020 during the first wave of the pandemic an above-average number of residents and staff in nursing homes fell ill and accounted for the highest number of incidences. Due to the pandemic, managers in nursing homes had to make new decisions on a daily basis as well as interpret and integrate decisions made by higher level authorities.
The aim was to describe the decisions that had to be made by the managers of nursing homes in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic and related consequences.
A qualitative multicentre cross-sectional design was chosen. Data collection was conducted with semi-structured telephone interviews. The recorded audio data were transcribed, analyzed using the framework analysis method and reflected in peer debriefings.
A total of 78 interviews were conducted in 43 nursing homes and 3 main themes with 10 subthemes emerged: decisions about social participation, decisions on quarantine and isolation and staff adjustments.
Clearer information and directives for the implementation of measures are needed, e.g. through standardized guidelines nationwide. Additionally, public health departments should play a stronger and more responsible role in a pandemic situation. The consequences of their decisions were hardly foreseeable for the managers and were marked by uncertainty. Responsibilities for and consequences of pandemic-related decisions should be further evaluated to empower managers in times of crises.
2020年春季，在疫情第一波期间，养老院中生病的居民和工作人员数量高于平均水平，且发病率最高。由于疫情，养老院管理人员每天都要做出新的决策，还要解读和整合上级部门做出的决策。
目的是描述养老院管理人员在应对新冠疫情及其相关后果时必须做出的决策。
采用定性多中心横断面设计。通过半结构化电话访谈收集数据。对记录的音频数据进行转录，使用框架分析法进行分析，并在同行汇报中进行反思。
在43家养老院共进行了78次访谈，出现了3个主要主题和10个子主题：关于社会参与的决策、关于隔离检疫的决策以及人员调整。
需要更明确的信息和措施实施指令，例如通过全国标准化指南。此外，公共卫生部门在疫情形势下应发挥更有力、更负责的作用。管理人员几乎无法预见他们决策的后果，这些后果具有不确定性。应进一步评估与疫情相关决策的责任和后果，以便在危机时期增强管理人员的能力。
