School of Psychoeducation, University of Montreal.
Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2022 Nov;36(7):786-797. doi: 10.1037/adb0000826. Epub 2022 Feb 24.
Prospective research is needed to better-understand changes in substance use from before to during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, among emerging adults (18-25 years), a high-risk group for substance use.
= 1,096 (weighted sample = 1,080; 54% female) participants enrolled in the Québec Longitudinal Study of Child Development, who completed prepandemic (2019; 21 years) and COVID-19 (mid-March to mid-June 2020) surveys. COVID-19-related and preexisting factors were examined as moderators of change in substance use.
Full sample analyses revealed decreased binge drinking ( < .001, Bayes factor [BF] = 22, Cohen's ² = 0.02), but no changes in alcohol and cannabis use. Stratified analyses revealed emerging adults who reported < monthly use prepandemic increased their alcohol use ( < .001, BF > 150, ² = 0.05) and binge drinking ( < .001, BF = 27, ² = 0.01), but not their cannabis use. Conversely, emerging adults who reported >monthly use prepandemic decreased their binge drinking ( < .001, BF > 150, ² = .12) and cannabis use ( < .001, BF > 150, ² = .06), but did not change their alcohol use frequency. Several factors moderated change in substance use, including employment loss ( = .005, BF > 39, ² = .03) and loneliness ( = .018, BF > 150, ² = .10) during COVID-19.
Changes in alcohol and cannabis use frequency among emerging adults in the first 3 months of COVID-19 largely differed according to prepandemic substance use, COVID-19-related factors, and preexisting factors. While some youth with preexisting vulnerabilities (e.g., more frequent substance use prepandemic) remained stable or decreased their substance use during COVID-19, emerging adults who experienced employment loss, loneliness, and financial concerns during COVID-19 increased their substance use, highlighting the need for increased supports for vulnerable populations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
需要进行前瞻性研究，以更好地了解冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，物质使用在 18-25 岁的新兴成年人（高风险物质使用群体）中的变化。
1096 名（加权样本量为 1080；54%为女性）参与者参加了魁北克儿童发展纵向研究，他们完成了大流行前（2019 年；21 岁）和 COVID-19（2020 年 3 月中旬至 6 月中旬）的调查。研究了与 COVID-19 相关的和预先存在的因素，作为物质使用变化的调节因素。
全样本分析显示，狂欢性饮酒减少（<0.001，贝叶斯因子[BF] = 22，Cohen's ² = 0.02），但酒精和大麻的使用没有变化。分层分析显示，报告大流行前每月使用量<的新兴成年人增加了他们的酒精使用（<0.001，BF>150，²=0.05）和狂欢性饮酒（<0.001，BF=27，²=0.01），但大麻的使用没有变化。相反，报告大流行前每月使用量>的新兴成年人减少了他们的狂欢性饮酒（<0.001，BF>150，²=0.12）和大麻使用（<0.001，BF>150，²=0.06），但他们的酒精使用频率没有变化。一些因素调节了物质使用的变化，包括 COVID-19 期间的失业（=0.005，BF>39，²=0.03）和孤独感（=0.018，BF>150，²=0.10）。
COVID-19 前 3 个月新兴成年人的酒精和大麻使用频率的变化主要根据大流行前的物质使用、COVID-19 相关因素和预先存在的因素而有所不同。虽然一些有预先存在的脆弱性的年轻人（例如，大流行前更频繁地使用物质）在 COVID-19 期间保持稳定或减少了他们的物质使用，但在 COVID-19 期间经历失业、孤独感和财务问题的新兴成年人增加了他们的物质使用，这突出表明需要为弱势群体提供更多支持。
