Collins Andrila E, Saleh Tarek M, Kalisch Bettina E
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Collaborative Specialization in Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Jan 23;11(2):213. doi: 10.3390/antiox11020213.
It is estimated that the prevalence rate of Alzheimer's disease (AD) will double by the year 2040. Although currently available treatments help with symptom management, they do not prevent, delay the progression of, or cure the disease. Interestingly, a shared characteristic of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases and disorders is oxidative stress. Despite profound evidence supporting the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and progression of AD, none of the currently available treatment options address oxidative stress. Recently, attention has been placed on the use of antioxidants to mitigate the effects of oxidative stress in the central nervous system. In preclinical studies utilizing cellular and animal models, natural antioxidants showed therapeutic promise when administered alone or in combination with other compounds. More recently, the concept of combination antioxidant therapy has been explored as a novel approach to preventing and treating neurodegenerative conditions that present with oxidative stress as a contributing factor. In this review, the relationship between oxidative stress and AD pathology and the neuroprotective role of natural antioxidants from natural sources are discussed. Additionally, the therapeutic potential of natural antioxidants as preventatives and/or treatment for AD is examined, with special attention paid to natural antioxidant combinations and conjugates that are currently being investigated in human clinical trials.
据估计，到2040年，阿尔茨海默病（AD）的患病率将翻番。尽管目前可用的治疗方法有助于症状管理，但它们无法预防、延缓疾病进展或治愈该疾病。有趣的是，AD与其他神经退行性疾病和病症的一个共同特征是氧化应激。尽管有确凿证据支持氧化应激在AD发病机制和进展中的作用，但目前可用的治疗方案均未针对氧化应激。最近，人们开始关注使用抗氧化剂来减轻氧化应激对中枢神经系统的影响。在利用细胞和动物模型的临床前研究中，天然抗氧化剂单独使用或与其他化合物联合使用时显示出治疗前景。最近，联合抗氧化疗法的概念已被探索为一种预防和治疗以氧化应激为促成因素的神经退行性疾病的新方法。在这篇综述中，讨论了氧化应激与AD病理学之间的关系以及天然来源的天然抗氧化剂的神经保护作用。此外，还研究了天然抗氧化剂作为AD预防剂和/或治疗剂的治疗潜力，特别关注目前正在人体临床试验中研究的天然抗氧化剂组合和缀合物。
