Aydin Esrin, Dhar Poshmaal, Gokhale Moneisha, Chong Luke, Azizoglu Serap, Suphioglu Cenk
School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia.
Deakin Optometry, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Feb 16;11(2):312. doi: 10.3390/biology11020312.
Ocular allergy is an immunoglobulin E-mediated Type I hypersensitivity reaction localised to the ocular surface and surrounding tissues. Primary signs and symptoms of ocular allergy include itching, redness, irritation and inflammation. Eye-rubbing caused by itching has been shown to alter ocular surface protein concentrations in conditions linked to ocular allergy such as keratoconus. In keratoconus, the cornea begins to thin and sag over time, leading to progressive vision loss and blindness in severe conditions. Due to the high incidence of ocular allergy sufferers rubbing their eyes in response to symptoms of itching, the protein landscape of the ocular surface may be significantly altered. Differential protein expression caused by long-term inflammation and eye-rubbing may lead to subsequent changes in ocular surface structure and function over time. This review aims to summarise and explore the findings of current ocular allergy proteome research conducted using techniques such as gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry and lab-on-a-chip proteomics. Proteins of interest for this review include differentially expressed immunoglobulins, mucins, functional proteins, enzymes and proteins with previously uncharacterised roles in ocular allergy. Additionally, potential applications of this research are addressed in terms of diagnostics, drug development and future research prospects.
眼部过敏是一种免疫球蛋白E介导的I型超敏反应，局限于眼表及周围组织。眼部过敏的主要体征和症状包括瘙痒、发红、刺激和炎症。在与眼部过敏相关的疾病如圆锥角膜中，由瘙痒引起的揉眼已被证明会改变眼表蛋白浓度。在圆锥角膜中，随着时间的推移，角膜开始变薄并下垂，在严重情况下会导致渐进性视力丧失和失明。由于眼部过敏患者因瘙痒症状而揉眼的发生率很高，眼表的蛋白质格局可能会发生显著改变。长期炎症和揉眼引起的蛋白质差异表达可能会随着时间的推移导致眼表结构和功能的后续变化。本综述旨在总结和探讨目前使用凝胶电泳、质谱和芯片实验室蛋白质组学等技术进行的眼部过敏蛋白质组研究的结果。本综述感兴趣的蛋白质包括差异表达的免疫球蛋白、粘蛋白、功能蛋白、酶以及在眼部过敏中具有先前未表征作用的蛋白质。此外，还从诊断、药物开发和未来研究前景等方面探讨了这项研究的潜在应用。
