Darwinion Institute of Botany (IBODA, CONICET-ANCEFN), Labardén 200, San Isidro B1642HYD, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany.
Genes (Basel). 2022 Jan 27;13(2):243. doi: 10.3390/genes13020243.
The cultivation and domestication of plants are human-driven processes that change the biology and attributes of a plant. is a bulbous geophyte known as Spring Starflower whose cultivation dates back to the first half of the 19th century. At least seven cultivars have been developed from natural stands. However, comparative analyses of wild and cultivated materials are largely missing. In the present study, we provide a morphological evaluation and analyses of the cytological and genetic variability of that reveal significant levels of differentiation and evidence of artificial selection in the Spring Starflower. Distinctive phenotypic characters in cultivated materials that are rarely found or lacking in wild plants and natural populations, such as pink or violet flowers, together with its reduced heterozygosity and starting genetic differentiation support the view of early mechanisms of domestication acting upon Spring Starflower plants. The probable geographic origin of the cultivated forms is discussed together with perspectives for plant breeding.
植物的培育和驯化是人类驱动的过程，会改变植物的生物学特性和属性。 是一种球茎型的地生植物，被称为春之星花，其栽培历史可以追溯到 19 世纪上半叶。至少有七个品种是从自然种群中开发出来的。然而，对野生和栽培材料的比较分析在很大程度上是缺失的。在本研究中，我们提供了一个形态评估和细胞学及遗传变异性分析，揭示了春之星花的显著分化水平和人工选择的证据。在栽培材料中发现了一些在野生植物和自然种群中很少出现或缺乏的独特表型特征，如粉红色或紫色的花朵，以及其较低的杂合度和起始遗传分化，支持了早期驯化机制作用于春之星花植物的观点。讨论了栽培形式的可能地理起源以及植物育种的前景。
