Harding Alfred T, Heaton Nicholas S
Institute for Medical Engineering and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Feb 12;14(4):909. doi: 10.3390/cancers14040909.
Sex hormones, such as estrogen and testosterone, are steroid compounds with well-characterized effects on the coordination and development of vertebrate reproductive systems. Since their discovery, however, it has become clear that these "sex hormones" also regulate/influence a broad range of biological functions. In this review, we will summarize some current findings on how estrogens interact with and regulate inflammation and immunity. Specifically, we will focus on describing the mechanisms by which estrogens alter immune pathway activation, the impact of these changes during infection and the development of long-term immunity, and how different types of estrogens and their respective concentrations mediate these outcomes.
性激素，如雌激素和睾酮，是类固醇化合物，对脊椎动物生殖系统的协调和发育具有明确的作用。然而，自它们被发现以来，很明显这些“性激素”也调节/影响广泛的生物学功能。在这篇综述中，我们将总结一些关于雌激素如何与炎症和免疫相互作用并调节炎症和免疫的当前研究结果。具体来说，我们将重点描述雌激素改变免疫途径激活的机制、感染期间这些变化的影响以及长期免疫的发展，以及不同类型的雌激素及其各自的浓度如何介导这些结果。
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