Department of Regional Economy, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Nowowiejska 3, 58-500 Jelenia Góra, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 11;19(4):2005. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19042005.
The study addresses the issue of eco-innovation and innovation in the European Union countries, which is important from the perspective of the sustainable development paradigm. Innovation constitutes a significant factor related to socio-economic development, and it is crucial in constructing the competitive advantage of enterprises, regions, and countries. Nowadays, an increasing importance is attached to eco-innovations, which takes into account the ecological perspective ensuring the reduction of environmental burdens. The purpose of the conducted research was to assess the diversity among the European Union countries regarding the situation related to eco-innovation and innovation, which is focused on the typology of the EU Member States taking a holistic approach to innovation, i.e., considering not only economic but also environmental and social performance. The methods of multivariate statistical analysis, with a particular emphasis on classification methods, were used in the research. A holistic overview of innovation results from the combination of findings based on the research was carried out within the framework of the Eco-Innovation Observatory and the European Innovation Scoreboard. The study covered 28 European Union countries in the period 2013-2019. As a result of the conducted analyses, four classes of the EU Member States were identified (Leaders of Eco-Innovation and Innovation, Moderate Eco-Innovators and Catching-Up Leaders of Innovation, Poor Innovators, The Poorest Eco-Innovators and Innovators).
本研究探讨了欧洲联盟国家的生态创新和创新问题，从可持续发展范式的角度来看，这是很重要的。创新是与社会经济发展相关的重要因素，对于构建企业、地区和国家的竞争优势至关重要。如今，生态创新越来越受到重视，它考虑到了生态视角，确保了环境负担的减轻。进行这项研究的目的是评估欧盟国家在生态创新和创新方面的多样性，该研究侧重于欧盟成员国的类型学，采用整体方法进行创新，即不仅考虑经济绩效，还考虑环境和社会绩效。在研究中使用了多元统计分析方法，特别是分类方法。在生态创新观测站和欧洲创新记分牌的框架内，通过结合研究结果进行综合创新概述。本研究涵盖了 2013 年至 2019 年期间的 28 个欧盟国家。通过进行分析，确定了欧盟成员国的四个类别（生态创新和创新的领导者、适度的生态创新者和创新的追赶领导者、创新较差者、生态创新和创新最差者）。
