Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-111, Iran.
Department of Industrial Management and Information Technology, Management and Accounting Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 14;19(4):2139. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19042139.
Health systems are recognised as playing a potentially important role in many risk management strategies; however, there is strong evidence that health systems themselves have been the victims of unanticipated risks and have lost their functionality in providing reliable services. Existing risk identification and assessment tools in the health sector, particularly in the blood supply chain, address and evaluate risks without taking into account their interdependence and a holistic perspective. As a result, the aim of this paper is to develop a new systemic framework based on a semi-quantitative risk assessment approach to measure supply chain risks, which will be implemented through a case study on the Iranian BSC. This paper identifies and assesses supply chain risks (SCRs) by employing a novel systemic process known as SSM-SNA-ISM (SSI). First, the supply chain and its risks are identified using Soft Systems Methodology (SSM). Then, given the large number of risks, the second stage uses Social Network Analysis (SNA) to identify the relationships between the risks and select the most important ones. In the third stage, risk levelling is performed with a more in-depth analysis of the selected risks and the application of Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM), and further analysis is performed using the Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification (MICMAC). The study found that by using the new proposed approach, taking into account risk relationships, and taking a holistic view, various supply chain risks could be assessed more effectively, especially when the number of risks is large. The findings also revealed that resolving the root risks of the blood supply chain frequently necessitates management skills. This paper contributes to the literature on supply chain risk management in two ways: First, a novel systemic approach to identifying and evaluating risks is proposed. This process offers a fresh perspective on supply chain risk modelling by utilising systems thinking tools. Second, by identifying Iranian BSC risks and identifying special risks.
卫生系统被认为在许多风险管理策略中发挥着潜在的重要作用；然而，有强有力的证据表明，卫生系统本身已经成为意外风险的受害者，并在提供可靠服务方面失去了功能。卫生部门现有的风险识别和评估工具，特别是在血液供应链中，在评估风险时没有考虑到它们的相互依存关系和整体观点。因此，本文旨在开发一种新的基于半定量风险评估方法的系统性框架，以衡量供应链风险，并通过对伊朗血液供应中心的案例研究来实施。本文通过采用一种称为 SSM-SNA-ISM（SSI）的新系统性方法来识别和评估供应链风险（SCR）。首先，使用软系统方法论（SSM）识别供应链及其风险。然后，鉴于风险数量众多，第二阶段使用社会网络分析（SNA）来识别风险之间的关系并选择最重要的风险。在第三阶段，通过对选定风险进行更深入的分析和应用解释结构模型（ISM）来进行风险分级，然后使用交叉影响矩阵乘法应用于分类（MICMAC）进行进一步分析。研究发现，通过使用新提出的方法，考虑风险关系，并采用整体观点，可以更有效地评估各种供应链风险，尤其是当风险数量较大时。研究结果还表明，解决血液供应链的根本风险通常需要管理技能。本文在两个方面对供应链风险管理文献做出了贡献：首先，提出了一种新的系统性方法来识别和评估风险。该过程通过利用系统思维工具，为供应链风险建模提供了新的视角。其次，通过识别伊朗血液供应中心的风险并识别特殊风险。
