Tanasković Marija, Erić Pavle, Patenković Aleksandra, Erić Katarina, Mihajlović Milica, Tanasić Vanja, Kusza Szilvia, Oleksa Andrzej, Stanisavljević Ljubiša, Davidović Slobodan
Department of Genetics of Populations and Ecogenotoxicology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
Center for Forensic and Applied Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Insects. 2022 Feb 9;13(2):180. doi: 10.3390/insects13020180.
Socioeconomic interests and beekeeper preferences have often taken precedence over the conservation of locally native honey bee subspecies, leading to the predominance of admixture populations in human-dominated areas. To assess the genetic diversity of contemporary managed Serbian honey bee colonies, we used 14 microsatellite loci and analyzed 237 worker bees from 46 apiaries in eight localities of northern and southern Serbia. Furthermore, we compared data for nine microsatellite loci with 338 individuals from Italy, Hungary, Poland, and Spain. The standard parameters of genetic diversity in Serbian honey bee populations were in line with other analyses, although somewhat smaller. STRUCTURE analysis showed the existence of two equally distributed genetic clusters and Analysis of molecular variances could not confirm the presence of a geographically discrete population but showed local differences. Discriminant analysis of principal components showed overlapping of worker bees from different parts of Serbia. Clear genetic differentiation can be observed when comparing all populations between geographical regions and their corresponding subspecies. The absence of the subspecies from its historical distribution range in southern Serbia as well as the lack of distinctive geographical groups suggest that selective breeding, queen import, and migratory beekeeping practices strongly influence the genetic structure and diversity of honey bees, leading to the genetic uniformization and creation of the admixture population.
社会经济利益和养蜂人的偏好常常优先于当地本土蜜蜂亚种的保护，导致在人类主导地区混合种群占主导地位。为了评估当代塞尔维亚养殖蜂群的遗传多样性，我们使用了14个微卫星位点，并分析了来自塞尔维亚北部和南部八个地区46个蜂场的237只工蜂。此外，我们将九个微卫星位点的数据与来自意大利、匈牙利、波兰和西班牙的338个个体的数据进行了比较。塞尔维亚蜜蜂种群的遗传多样性标准参数与其他分析结果一致，尽管数值略小。STRUCTURE分析显示存在两个分布均匀的遗传簇，分子方差分析无法证实地理上离散种群的存在，但显示了局部差异。主成分判别分析显示来自塞尔维亚不同地区的工蜂存在重叠。在比较不同地理区域及其相应亚种的所有种群时，可以观察到明显的遗传分化。塞尔维亚南部历史分布范围内该亚种的缺失以及缺乏独特的地理群体表明，选择性育种、蜂王引进和迁徙养蜂做法强烈影响了蜜蜂的遗传结构和多样性，导致遗传同质化和混合种群的形成。
