Selikhovkin Andrey V, Musolin Dmitry L, Popovichev Boris G, Merkuryev Sergey A, Volkovitsh Mark G, Vasaitis Rimvys
Department of Forest Protection, Wood Science and Game Management, Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University, Institutskiy Per. 5, 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg Filial, Universitetskaya Emb. 5, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Insects. 2022 Feb 11;13(2):191. doi: 10.3390/insects13020191.
The emerald ash borer (EAB), , is an invasive beetle of East Asian origin that has killed millions of ash trees ( spp.) in North America and Russia. In September 2020, EAB was detected in Saint Petersburg, a notable event for the metropolitan city. The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence and ecology of EAB in Saint Petersburg. The presence of two distinct enclave populations of EAB was revealed, each of which has, most likely, been established through separate events of "hitchhiking" via transport vehicles. Following the invasion, the further spread of EAB in Saint Petersburg was slow and locally restricted, most likely due to climatic factors. This spread by "hitchhiking" suggests that the possibility of the further long-distance geographic spread of EAB in the Baltic Sea region (the EU) is high, both by ground transport (120-130 km distance from EU borders) and ferries that transport cars across the Baltic Sea. In certain cases, the development of EAB on based on the stem portion colonized, larval densities, number of galleries, exit holes, viable larvae, and emerged adult beetles, was more successful than in trees. The observed relatively high sensitivity of to EAB, therefore, casts doubt on the efficacy and benefits of the currently ongoing selection and breeding projects against ash dieback (ADB) disease, which is caused by the fungus . Inventory, mapping, and monitoring of surviving trees infested by both ADB and EAB are necessary to acquire genetic resources for work on the strategic long-term restoration of , tackling the probable invasion of EAB to the EU.
翡翠灰螟（EAB）是一种原产于东亚的入侵性甲虫，它已在北美和俄罗斯杀死了数百万棵灰树（灰属树种）。2020年9月，在圣彼得堡发现了翡翠灰螟，这对这座大都市来说是一个值得注意的事件。本研究的目的是调查圣彼得堡翡翠灰螟的发生情况和生态。研究发现了两个不同的翡翠灰螟飞地种群，每个种群很可能都是通过运输车辆的单独“搭便车”事件建立起来的。入侵之后，翡翠灰螟在圣彼得堡的进一步扩散缓慢且局限于局部地区，很可能是由于气候因素。这种“搭便车”式的扩散表明，翡翠灰螟在波罗的海地区（欧盟）通过陆路运输（距欧盟边境120 - 130公里）和穿越波罗的海运送汽车的渡轮进行进一步远距离地理扩散的可能性很高。在某些情况下，根据被侵染的树干部分、幼虫密度、虫道数量、羽化孔、存活幼虫和羽化出的成虫数量来看，翡翠灰螟在某些树种上的发育比在其他树种上更成功。因此，观察到的某些树种对翡翠灰螟相对较高的敏感性，让人对目前正在进行的针对由真菌引起的灰树枯梢病（ADB）的选育项目的有效性和益处产生怀疑。对同时受到ADB和EAB侵染的存活灰树进行清查、绘图和监测，对于获取用于灰树战略长期恢复工作的遗传资源、应对翡翠灰螟可能入侵欧盟来说是必要的。
