Petrova Anna, Michael Ruby Naomi, Pratt Chris
Green Infrastructure Research Labs (GIRLS), Cities Research Institute, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, 4111, QLD, Australia.
School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, 4111, Australia.
Environ Manage. 2025 Jun;75(6):1538-1558. doi: 10.1007/s00267-025-02116-2. Epub 2025 Jan 25.
Street and park trees often endure harsher conditions, including increased temperatures and drier soil and air, than those found in urban or natural forests. These conditions can lead to shorter lifespans and a greater vulnerability to dieback. This literature review aimed to identify confirmed causes of street and park tree dieback in urban areas from around the world. Peer-reviewed case studies related to urban tree decline were scanned for the words "urban", "city", "cities", "tree*", "decline", "dieback", "mortality", and "survival". From an initial pool of 1281 papers on Web of Science and 1489 on Scopus, 65 original peer-reviewed research papers were selected for detailed analysis. Out of all species reported to decline, 46 were native, while non-natives were represented by 35 species. The most commonly affected trees were Platanus, Fraxinus, Acer, and Ficus. Most studies were conducted in Mediterranean, humid subtropical, and humid continental climates, with the greatest representation from the United States, followed by Australia, Brazil, Iran, Italy, and Russia. Many authors focused on either biotic or abiotic causes of dieback; some explored both, and some also discussed underlying environmental and urban stresses as potential predisposing factors. The majority (81% of the papers) concluded that a decline was caused by either an arthropod or a microorganism. Overall, it was suggested that changing management strategies to improve water availability and soil health might help with tree resilience. Additionally, regular monitoring and research, along with improving tree species selection and implementing biological and chemical control methods, can help prevent or slow down tree decline. Increasing awareness and adopting preventative approaches could help to extend the lifespan of street and park trees in urban environments and mitigate some of the biological threats, especially considering the challenges we may be facing due to the changing climate.
街道和公园树木通常比城市森林或自然森林中的树木承受更恶劣的条件，包括气温升高、土壤和空气干燥。这些条件可能导致树木寿命缩短，更容易出现枯死现象。这篇文献综述旨在确定世界各地城市地区街道和公园树木枯死的已证实原因。对与城市树木衰退相关的同行评审案例研究进行扫描，查找“城市”“市”“城市”“树木*”“衰退”“枯死”“死亡”和“存活”等词汇。从Web of Science上最初的1281篇论文和Scopus上的1489篇论文中，挑选出65篇经同行评审的原创研究论文进行详细分析。在所有报告衰退的树种中，46种是本土树种，35种是非本土树种。受影响最常见的树木是悬铃木、白蜡树、槭树和榕属植物。大多数研究是在地中海气候、湿润亚热带气候和湿润大陆性气候地区进行的，其中美国的研究占比最大，其次是澳大利亚、巴西、伊朗、意大利和俄罗斯。许多作者关注枯死的生物或非生物原因；一些人同时探讨了两者，还有一些人也讨论了潜在的环境和城市压力作为潜在的诱发因素。大多数（81%的论文）得出结论，树木衰退是由节肢动物或微生物引起的。总体而言，建议改变管理策略以提高水分供应和土壤健康状况，这可能有助于增强树木的恢复力。此外，定期监测和研究，以及改善树种选择和实施生物及化学控制方法，有助于预防或减缓树木衰退。提高认识并采取预防措施有助于延长城市环境中街道和公园树木的寿命，并减轻一些生物威胁，特别是考虑到我们可能因气候变化而面临的挑战。
