Szot Monika, Karpęcka-Gałka Ewa, Dróżdż Remigiusz, Frączek Barbara
Department of Sports Dietetics, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland.
Doctoral School of Physical Culture Sciences, University School of Physical Education in Krakow, Jana Pawla II 78, 31-571 Cracow, Poland.
Healthcare (Basel). 2022 Jan 18;10(2):186. doi: 10.3390/healthcare10020186.
Factors influencing brain function and cognitive performance can be critical to athletic performance of esports athletes. This review aims to discuss the potential beneficial effects of micronutrients, i.e., vitamins, minerals and biologically active substances on cognitive functions of e-athletes. Minerals (iodine, zinc, iron, magnesium) and vitamins (B vitamins, vitamins E, D, and C) are significant factors that positively influence cognitive functions. Prevention of deficiencies of the listed ingredients and regular examinations can support cognitive processes. The beneficial effects of caffeine, creatine, and probiotics have been documented so far. There are many plant products, herbal extracts, or phytonutrients that have been shown to affect precognitive activity, but more research is needed. Beetroot juice and nootropics can also be essential nutrients for cognitive performance. For the sake of players' eyesight, it would be useful to use lutein, which, in addition to improving vision and protecting against eye diseases, can also affect cognitive functions. In supporting the physical and mental abilities of e-athletes the base is a well-balanced diet with adequate hydration. There is a lack of sufficient evidence that has investigated the relationship between dietary effects and improved performance in esports. Therefore, there is a need for randomized controlled trials involving esports players.
影响大脑功能和认知表现的因素对电子竞技运动员的运动表现可能至关重要。本综述旨在探讨微量营养素，即维生素、矿物质和生物活性物质对电子竞技运动员认知功能的潜在有益影响。矿物质（碘、锌、铁、镁）和维生素（B族维生素、维生素E、D和C）是对认知功能有积极影响的重要因素。预防所列成分的缺乏并定期进行检查有助于认知过程。目前已证实咖啡因、肌酸和益生菌具有有益作用。有许多植物产品、草药提取物或植物营养素已被证明会影响认知前活动，但还需要更多研究。甜菜根汁和益智药也可能是认知表现所必需的营养素。为了保护玩家的视力，补充叶黄素会很有帮助，叶黄素除了能改善视力和预防眼部疾病外，还能影响认知功能。支持电子竞技运动员的身心能力，基础是均衡饮食并保持充足水分。目前缺乏足够证据来研究饮食影响与电子竞技中表现提升之间的关系。因此，需要开展涉及电子竞技运动员的随机对照试验。
