Chan S Y, Sikora K
Radiother Oncol. 1986 May;6(1):1-14. doi: 10.1016/s0167-8140(86)80105-0.
Monoclonal antibodies (MCAs) can be used to differentiate between normal and neoplastic cells and thus exploited for diagnostic and, ultimately, therapeutic gain. The evidence for the existence of human tumour antigens is reviewed. Several areas of diagnosis are already benefiting from the application of the monoclonal technology. Immunohistology can help the pathologist with difficult diagnostic problems. New classifications of lymphoma and leukaemia can be based on specific surface molecules. Similarly, the detection of shed tumour antigens is already established as part of the routine assessment of many patients with common solid tumours. Isotopically labelled monoclonal antibodies have been used to localise primary and metastatic tumours. The use of antibodies in this way is not only a promising diagnostic tool but also the first step in studying the possibility of arming antibodies to provide therapeutic agents. Such trials are currently in progress.
单克隆抗体（MCA）可用于区分正常细胞和肿瘤细胞，从而用于诊断，并最终实现治疗效果。本文综述了人类肿瘤抗原存在的证据。单克隆技术的应用已经在几个诊断领域中发挥了作用。免疫组织学可以帮助病理学家解决疑难诊断问题。淋巴瘤和白血病的新分类可以基于特定的表面分子。同样，脱落肿瘤抗原的检测已成为许多常见实体瘤患者常规评估的一部分。同位素标记的单克隆抗体已被用于定位原发性和转移性肿瘤。以这种方式使用抗体不仅是一种很有前景的诊断工具，也是研究为抗体配备治疗药物可能性的第一步。此类试验目前正在进行中。
