and Viral Infections.

() is an oropharyngeal commensal agent of toddlers and the primary cause of osteoarticular infections in 6-23-month-old children. Knowing that the oropharynx of young children is the reservoir and the portal of entry of , these results suggested that a viral infection may promote infection. In this narrative review, we report the current knowledge of the concomitance between and viral infections. This hypothesis was first suggested because some authors described that symptoms of viral infections were frequently concomitant with infection. Second, specific viral syndromes, such as hand, foot and mouth disease or stomatitis, have been described in children experiencing a infection. Moreover, some clusters of infection occurring in daycare centers were preceded by viral outbreaks. Third, the major viruses identified in patients during infection were human rhinovirus or coxsackievirus, which both belong to the Picornaviridae family and are known to facilitate bacterial infections. Finally, a temporal association was observed between human rhinovirus circulation and infection. Although highly probable, the role of viral infection in the pathophysiology remains unclear and is based on case description or temporal association. Molecular studies are needed.