Santos Maria J, Matos Matilde, Guardone Lisa, Golden Olwen, Armani Andrea, Caldeira Andreia J R, Vieira-Pinto Madalena
Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
Laboratório de Patologia Animal, CIIMAR-Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
Microorganisms. 2022 Feb 1;10(2):331. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10020331.
Parasitic nematodes of the genus are among the most important biological hazards associated with seafood. A survey of spp. in European hake () was undertaken as this species is a staple of the Portuguese diet. Moreover, a literature review of cases of anisakiosis reported from Portugal, a country with one of the highest levels of fish consumption in the world, was also carried out. Seventy-five European hake caught in the Atlantic Ocean off the northern coast of Portugal were analyzed to determine the infection levels and site distribution of spp. Isolated nematode larvae were identified to species level by molecular analysis. Two sets of samples were collected. Firstly, a total of 46 spp. L larvae were collected with a prevalence of 76.7% (95% CI 61.5-91.8%) and intensity (mean ± SD, range) of 2.0 ± 1.2 (1-5). Most larvae were found on the liver (45.7%) and on the gonads (32.6%), but none in the muscle. The molecular analysis showed the presence of both s.s. (70%) and (30%). For the second sample, analyzed using the UV-Press method, a total of 473 spp. were found, with a prevalence of 95.6% (95% CI 89.5-100.0%), intensity (mean ± SD, range) of 11.3 ± 9.7 (1-41), density of 0.05 ± 0.04 (0-0.16) worms/muscle weight in g, and density of 0.54 ± 0.50 (0-2.53) worms/viscera weight in g. Surprisingly, only three very recent cases of human anisakiosis in Portugal have been reported in the literature. Data from this study contribute towards an updating of the existing epidemiological picture in an area characterized by very high seafood consumption and changing eating habits.
属的寄生线虫是与海鲜相关的最重要的生物危害之一。由于欧洲无须鳕是葡萄牙饮食的主食，因此对欧洲无须鳕体内的该属线虫进行了调查。此外，还对葡萄牙（世界上鱼类消费量最高的国家之一）报告的异尖线虫病病例进行了文献综述。分析了在葡萄牙北部海岸外大西洋捕获的75条欧洲无须鳕，以确定该属线虫的感染水平和部位分布。通过分子分析将分离出的线虫幼虫鉴定到种水平。收集了两组样本。首先，共收集到46条该属线虫L期幼虫，感染率为76.7%（95%置信区间61.5 - 91.8%），感染强度（平均值±标准差，范围）为2.0±1.2（1 - 5）。大多数幼虫发现于肝脏（45.7%）和性腺（32.6%），但肌肉中未发现。分子分析表明同时存在狭义异尖线虫（70%）和对盲囊线虫（30%）。对于第二个样本，采用紫外线按压法进行分析，共发现了共473条该属线虫，感染率为95.6%（95%置信区间89.5 - 100.0%），感染强度（平均值±标准差，范围）为11.3±9.7（1 - 41），每克肌肉重量中线虫密度为0.05±0.04（0 - 0.16）条，每克内脏重量中线虫密度为0.54±0.50（0 - 2.53）条。令人惊讶的是，文献中仅报道了葡萄牙最近的三例人类异尖线虫病病例。本研究的数据有助于更新该地区现有的流行病学情况，该地区海鲜消费量极高且饮食习惯不断变化。
