Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Biology, Health and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, SYNLAB Global Diagnostics, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain.
Genes (Basel). 2020 Apr 22;11(4):452. doi: 10.3390/genes11040452.
Anisakiosis is a fish-borne disease with gastrointestinal and/or allergic symptoms caused by the consumption of raw or undercooked fish parasitized with nematode larvae of the genus . In Europe, has been detected as the causative agent, although the sibling species sensu stricto (s.s.) is also known to cause the disease in other parts of the world, and discrepancies exist regarding their respective pathogenic potential. In Spain a high number of cases has been recorded, with marinated anchovies being the main source of infection, although no specific diagnosis has been documented in humans. In this study, we analyzed three cases of anisakiosis in patients from Barcelona (Spain) who had consumed undercooked hake. All patients described epigastric pain and several larval nematodes were removed endoscopically from their stomachs. Larvae were morphologically characterized as third-stage larvae of sensu lato (s.l.) and molecularly identified as (s.s.) by means of PCR RFLP of the ITS region of the rDNA and sequencing of the elongation factor1 alpha1 (EF1 α-1) nDNA gen. This study represents the first specific identification of larvae in clinical cases of anisakiosis reported in Spain. Specific molecular diagnosis is of crucial importance for assessing the health risk of sibling species. Hake consumption stands out as a risk factor for anisakiosis, since this fish species can be highly parasitized.
旋毛虫病是一种食源性疾病，由食用生的或未煮熟的受线虫幼虫寄生的鱼引起，可导致胃肠道和/或过敏症状。在欧洲， 已被检测为致病因子，尽管在世界其他地区也已知同属的姐妹种 （s.s.） 可引起该病，但它们各自的致病潜力存在差异。在西班牙，已记录到大量病例，其中腌制凤尾鱼是主要感染源，尽管在人类中未记录到具体的诊断。在这项研究中，我们分析了来自巴塞罗那（西班牙）的三名食用未煮熟的无须鳕后患有旋毛虫病的患者。所有患者均描述为上腹痛，从他们的胃中内窥镜下取出了几条幼虫。幼虫在形态上被特征化为 （s.l.） 的第三期幼虫，并通过 ITS 区 rDNA 的 PCR-RFLP 和伸长因子 1α1（EF1α-1）nDNA 基因的测序，分子鉴定为 （s.s.）。本研究代表了在西班牙报告的旋毛虫病临床病例中首次对 幼虫进行的特异性鉴定。特定的分子诊断对于评估 姐妹种的健康风险至关重要。无须鳕的消费是旋毛虫病的一个危险因素，因为这种鱼可能会受到高度寄生。
