Mishra Bagdevi, Ulaszewski Bartosz, Meger Joanna, Aury Jean-Marc, Bodénès Catherine, Lesur-Kupin Isabelle, Pfenninger Markus, Da Silva Corinne, Gupta Deepak K, Guichoux Erwan, Heer Katrin, Lalanne Céline, Labadie Karine, Opgenoorth Lars, Ploch Sebastian, Le Provost Grégoire, Salse Jérôme, Scotti Ivan, Wötzel Stefan, Plomion Christophe, Burczyk Jaroslaw, Thines Marco
Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Department for Biological Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Front Genet. 2022 Feb 8;12:691058. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2021.691058. eCollection 2021.
The European Beech is the dominant climax tree in most regions of Central Europe and valued for its ecological versatility and hardwood timber. Even though a draft genome has been published recently, higher resolution is required for studying aspects of genome architecture and recombination. Here, we present a chromosome-level assembly of the more than 300 year-old reference individual, Bhaga, from the Kellerwald-Edersee National Park (Germany). Its nuclear genome of 541 Mb was resolved into 12 chromosomes varying in length between 28 and 73 Mb. Multiple nuclear insertions of parts of the chloroplast genome were observed, with one region on chromosome 11 spanning more than 2 Mb which fragments up to 54,784 bp long and covering the whole chloroplast genome were inserted randomly. Unlike in , ribosomal cistrons are present in only in four major regions, in line with FISH studies. On most assembled chromosomes, telomeric repeats were found at both ends, while centromeric repeats were found to be scattered throughout the genome apart from their main occurrence per chromosome. The genome-wide distribution of SNPs was evaluated using a second individual from Jamy Nature Reserve (Poland). SNPs, repeat elements and duplicated genes were unevenly distributed in the genomes, with one major anomaly on chromosome 4. The genome presented here adds to the available highly resolved plant genomes and we hope it will serve as a valuable basis for future research on genome architecture and for understanding the past and future of European Beech populations in a changing climate.
欧洲山毛榉是中欧大部分地区的优势顶极树种，因其生态多样性和硬木木材而备受重视。尽管最近已发表了一个基因组草图，但研究基因组结构和重组的各个方面仍需要更高的分辨率。在此，我们展示了来自德国凯勒瓦尔德 - 埃德尔湖国家公园的具有300多年历史的参考个体Bhaga的染色体水平组装。其541 Mb的核基因组被解析为12条染色体，长度在28至73 Mb之间变化。观察到叶绿体基因组部分的多个核插入，其中11号染色体上的一个区域跨度超过2 Mb，长达54,784 bp的片段随机插入，覆盖了整个叶绿体基因组。与[此处原文缺失相关比较对象信息]不同，核糖体顺反子仅在四个主要区域存在，这与荧光原位杂交研究结果一致。在大多数组装的染色体上，两端都发现了端粒重复序列，而着丝粒重复序列除了在每条染色体的主要位置外，还分散在整个基因组中。使用来自波兰贾米自然保护区的另一个个体评估了单核苷酸多态性（SNP）的全基因组分布。SNP、重复元件和重复基因在基因组中分布不均，4号染色体上有一个主要异常。这里展示的基因组增加了现有的高分辨率植物基因组，我们希望它将为未来关于基因组结构的研究以及理解欧洲山毛榉种群在气候变化中的过去和未来提供有价值的基础。
