Laboratory Animal Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
Animal Model Exp Med. 2022 Feb;5(1):81-88. doi: 10.1002/ame2.12202.
Currently, increasing attention is being paid to the important role of intestinal microbiome in diabetes. However, few studies have evaluated the characteristics of gut microbiome in diabetic miniature pigs, despite it being a good model animal for assessing diabetes.
In this study, a mini-pig diabetes model (DM) was established by 9-month high-fat diet (HFD) combined with low-dose streptozotocin, while the animals fed standard chow diet constituted the control group. 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing was performed to assess the characteristics of the intestinal microbiome in diabetic mini-pigs.
The results showed that microbial structure in diabetic mini-pigs was altered, reflected by increases in levels of Coprococcus_3 and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, which were positively correlated with diabetes, and decreases in levels of the bacteria Rikenellaceae, Clostridiales_vadinBB60_group, and Bacteroidales_RF16_group, which were inversely correlated with blood glucose and insulin resistance. Moreover, PICRUSt-predicted pathways related to the glycolysis and Entner-Doudoroff superpathway, enterobactin biosynthesis, and the l-tryptophan biosynthesis were significantly elevated in the DM group.
These results reveal the composition and predictive functions of the intestinal microbiome in the mini-pig diabetes model, further verifying the relationship between HFD, gut microbiome, and diabetes, and providing novel insights into the application of the mini-pig diabetes model in gut microbiome research.
目前，人们越来越关注肠道微生物组在糖尿病中的重要作用。然而，尽管小型猪是评估糖尿病的良好模型动物，但很少有研究评估糖尿病小型猪肠道微生物组的特征。
本研究通过 9 个月高脂肪饮食（HFD）联合小剂量链脲佐菌素建立小型猪糖尿病模型（DM），而标准饲料喂养的动物则构成对照组。采用 16S 核糖体 RNA（rRNA）基因测序评估糖尿病小型猪肠道微生物组的特征。
结果表明，糖尿病小型猪的微生物结构发生了改变，反映在与糖尿病呈正相关的 Coprococcus_3 和 Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 水平升高，以及与血糖和胰岛素抵抗呈负相关的 Rikenellaceae、Clostridiales_vadinBB60_group 和 Bacteroidales_RF16_group 水平降低。此外，PICRUSt 预测的与糖酵解和 Entner-Doudoroff 超级途径、肠杆菌素生物合成和 l-色氨酸生物合成相关的途径在 DM 组中显著升高。
这些结果揭示了小型猪糖尿病模型中肠道微生物组的组成和预测功能，进一步验证了 HFD、肠道微生物组与糖尿病之间的关系，并为小型猪糖尿病模型在肠道微生物组研究中的应用提供了新的见解。
