Wang Zhi-Lei, Hui Miao, Shi Xue-Qing, Wu Dong, Wang Ying, Han Xing, Cao Xiao, Yao Fei, Li Hua, Wang Hua
College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
China Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling 712100, China.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Feb 10;11(4):479. doi: 10.3390/plants11040479.
Intraspecific recurrent selection in is an effective method for breeding of high quality, disease-, cold-, and drought-resistance grapes. Exploring the optimal treatment methods for grape () seeds can help to accelerate the process of intraspecific recurrent selection and improve breeding efficiency. In this study, seeds of six varieties were used as experimental materials, and the germination and seedling formation characteristics were studied by single factor treatment and orthogonal compound treatment, respectively. To do this, stratification, chemical substances, beak cutting, and pre-germination treatments were tested, and the optimal treatment combination was determined for each variety. The results indicated that the optimal conditions obtained in the orthogonal experiments were not completely consistent with those in the single-factor experiments. Single factor experiment results demonstrated that two stratification methods (chilling gauze-storage and chilling sand-storage) and two pre-germination methods (pre-germination in petri dishes and pre-germination in a bean sprouter) vary in effectiveness for different varieties. gibberellin acid (GA) soaking and beak-cutting promote the germination and seedling rate of the tested varieties. Orthogonal test results demonstrate that, for Dunkelfelder and Cabernet Sauvignon, the optimal treatment combination was chilling sand-storage + GA soaking seed + beak cutting + pre-germination in petri dishes. For Meili, the optimal treatment combination was chilling sand-storage + acetic acid (HAc) soaking seed + beak cutting + pre-germination in petri dishes. For Ecolly, the optimal treatment combination was chilling sand-storage + GA soaking seed + beak cutting + pre-germination in a bean sprouter. For Garanior, the optimal treatment combination was chilling sand-storage + HAc soaking seed + no beak cutting + pre-germination in petri dishes. For Marselan, the optimal treatment combination was chilling gauze-storage + GA soaking seed + beak cutting + pre-germination in a bean sprouter. This study identified the optimal conditions for seed germination and seedling formation of six grape varieties, which will facilitate future work to characterize the seed germination and seedling formation of seeds obtained by intraspecific hybridization of these varieties. This work also provides a reference for addressing problems of low seed germination rate and suboptimal seedling formation for better utilization of grape germplasms.
种内轮回选择是培育优质、抗病、抗寒和抗旱葡萄的有效方法。探索葡萄种子的最佳处理方法有助于加速种内轮回选择进程并提高育种效率。本研究以6个葡萄品种的种子为试验材料，分别通过单因素处理和正交复合处理研究其发芽及成苗特性。为此，对层积处理、化学物质处理、破喙处理和催芽处理进行了试验，并确定了每个品种的最佳处理组合。结果表明，正交试验获得的最佳条件与单因素试验的不完全一致。单因素试验结果表明，两种层积方法（冷藏纱布贮藏和冷藏沙子贮藏）和两种催芽方法（在培养皿中催芽和在豆芽机中催芽）对不同品种的效果不同。赤霉素（GA）浸泡和破喙处理可提高供试品种的发芽率和成苗率。正交试验结果表明，对于黑比诺和赤霞珠，最佳处理组合为冷藏沙子贮藏+GA浸种+破喙处理+在培养皿中催芽；对于梅里，最佳处理组合为冷藏沙子贮藏+醋酸（HAc）浸种+破喙处理+在培养皿中催芽；对于埃科利，最佳处理组合为冷藏沙子贮藏+GA浸种+破喙处理+在豆芽机中催芽；对于加拉尼奥，最佳处理组合为冷藏沙子贮藏+HAc浸种+不破喙处理+在培养皿中催芽；对于马瑟兰，最佳处理组合为冷藏纱布贮藏+GA浸种+破喙处理+在豆芽机中催芽。本研究确定了6个葡萄品种种子发芽和成苗的最佳条件，这将有助于今后对这些品种种内杂交获得的种子进行发芽和成苗特性研究。这项工作也为解决种子发芽率低和成苗不理想的问题提供了参考，以便更好地利用葡萄种质资源。
