Gómez-Maqueo Ximena, Gamboa-deBuen Alicia
Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Feb 15;11(4):521. doi: 10.3390/plants11040521.
The species of the genus produces fruits with fibers with a high content of cellulose. The fiber is used for textiles, cushion filling and for industrial purposes and its characteristics have been studied in some species including (kapok), and . The use of the trunk and seeds of has also been described for different species. This article presents a review on the biological diversity of the genus Ceiba (Malvaceae). The genus has 18 recognized species that are distributed naturally in America and Africa. However, some trees have been introduced to various countries, especially in Asia, due to their ornamental interest and potential uses for their fiber. Ecophysiological studies of different species have shown that resistance to adverse environmental conditions varies from species to species. Therefore, species are considered potentially useful in restoring ecosystems impacted by human activity. The information related to the classification, morphological characteristics, phenology, ecophysiology and distribution of the different species will be extremely relevant for the sustainable production of kapok fiber. Finally, the recent genomic and transcriptomic studies also provide a valuable resource for further genetic improvement and effective use of trees.
该属的物种所产果实带有纤维，纤维素含量很高。这种纤维用于纺织品、坐垫填充及工业用途，其特性已在包括木棉、吉贝和轻木在内的一些物种中得到研究。不同物种的木棉树的树干和种子的用途也有相关描述。本文对木棉属（锦葵科）的生物多样性进行了综述。木棉属有18个公认的物种，自然分布于美洲和非洲。然而，由于其观赏价值及其纤维的潜在用途，一些木棉树已被引入到各个国家，尤其是亚洲。对不同木棉物种的生态生理学研究表明，它们对不利环境条件的抗性因物种而异。因此，木棉物种被认为在恢复受人类活动影响的生态系统方面具有潜在用途。与不同物种的分类、形态特征、物候、生态生理学及分布相关的信息对于木棉纤维的可持续生产极为重要。最后，最近的基因组和转录组研究也为木棉树的进一步遗传改良和有效利用提供了宝贵资源。
