Papagiannopoulos Aristeidis, Sotiropoulos Konstantinos
Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece.
Hyad Mike, Nutritional Supplements Manufacturing Company, Gennadiou 1-5, 12131 Athens, Greece.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Feb 20;14(4):813. doi: 10.3390/polym14040813.
Polysaccharides are natural polymers with hydrophilic, biocompatible and biodegradable characteristics and have many opportunities in the food and pharmaceutical sectors. This review focuses on the field of nano and microstructures whose internal structure is based on networked polysaccharide chains in 3D i.e., polysaccharide nanogels (NGs) and microgels (MGs). As it is observed the number of articles on NGs and MGs in peer reviewed scientific journals has been increasing over the last two decades. At the same time, the relative contribution of polysaccharides in this field is gaining place. This review focuses on the different applied methods for the fabrication of a variety of polysaccharide-based NGs and MGs and aims to highlight the recent advances on the subject and present their potentials and properties with regards to their integration in aspects of medicinal and food sciences. The presentation of the recent advances in the application of polysaccharide NGs and MGs is divided in materials with potential as emulsion stabilizers and materials with potential as carriers of bioactives. For applications in the medical sector the division is based on the fabrication processes and includes self-assembled, electrostatically complexed/ionically crosslinked and chemically crosslinked NGs and MGs. It is concluded that many advances are expected in the application of these polysaccharide-based materials and in particular as nutrient-loaded emulsion stabilizers, viscosity modifiers and co-assembled structures in combination with proteins.
多糖是具有亲水性、生物相容性和可生物降解特性的天然聚合物，在食品和制药领域有诸多应用机会。本综述聚焦于纳米和微观结构领域，其内部结构基于三维网络状多糖链，即多糖纳米凝胶（NGs）和微凝胶（MGs）。可以观察到，在过去二十年里，同行评审科学期刊上关于NGs和MGs的文章数量一直在增加。与此同时，多糖在该领域的相对贡献也在不断增加。本综述重点介绍了制备各种基于多糖的NGs和MGs的不同应用方法，旨在突出该主题的最新进展，并介绍它们在医药和食品科学领域整合方面的潜力和特性。多糖NGs和MGs应用的最新进展介绍分为具有作为乳液稳定剂潜力的材料和具有作为生物活性物质载体潜力的材料。对于在医疗领域的应用，分类基于制备过程，包括自组装、静电复合/离子交联和化学交联的NGs和MGs。得出的结论是，这些基于多糖的材料的应用有望取得许多进展，特别是作为负载营养物的乳液稳定剂、粘度调节剂以及与蛋白质结合的共组装结构。
