Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic.
Viruses. 2022 Jan 18;14(2):174. doi: 10.3390/v14020174.
Several strategies have been developed to fight viral infections, not only in humans but also in animals and plants. Some of them are based on the development of efficient vaccines, to target the virus by developed antibodies, others focus on finding antiviral compounds with activities that inhibit selected virus replication steps. Currently, there is an increasing number of antiviral drugs on the market; however, some have unpleasant side effects, are toxic to cells, or the viruses quickly develop resistance to them. As the current situation shows, the combination of multiple antiviral strategies or the combination of the use of various compounds within one strategy is very important. The most desirable are combinations of drugs that inhibit different steps in the virus life cycle. This is an important issue especially for RNA viruses, which replicate their genomes using error-prone RNA polymerases and rapidly develop mutants resistant to applied antiviral compounds. Here, we focus on compounds targeting viral structural capsid proteins, thereby inhibiting virus assembly or disassembly, virus binding to cellular receptors, or acting by inhibiting other virus replication mechanisms. This review is an update of existing papers on a similar topic, by focusing on the most recent advances in the rapidly evolving research of compounds targeting capsid proteins of RNA viruses.
已经开发了几种策略来对抗病毒感染，不仅在人类中，而且在动物和植物中也是如此。其中一些策略基于开发针对病毒的有效疫苗，通过开发抗体来靶向病毒，另一些策略则专注于寻找具有抑制选定病毒复制步骤的抗病毒化合物。目前，市场上有越来越多的抗病毒药物；然而，有些药物有令人不快的副作用，对细胞有毒，或者病毒很快就对它们产生了耐药性。正如当前的情况所示，多种抗病毒策略的结合或在一种策略中使用多种化合物的结合非常重要。最理想的是抑制病毒生命周期不同步骤的药物组合。对于使用易错 RNA 聚合酶复制基因组的 RNA 病毒来说，这是一个重要的问题，它们会迅速产生对应用的抗病毒化合物具有抗性的突变体。在这里，我们专注于针对病毒结构衣壳蛋白的化合物，从而抑制病毒组装或解体、病毒与细胞受体的结合，或通过抑制其他病毒复制机制发挥作用。这篇综述是对现有类似主题论文的更新，重点介绍了针对 RNA 病毒衣壳蛋白的化合物研究这一日益发展的领域中的最新进展。
