School of Medical and Allied Sciences, G.D. Goenka University, Sohna Road, Gurgaon, 122103, Haryana, India.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MD University Rohtak, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
Inflammopharmacology. 2022 Apr;30(2):355-368. doi: 10.1007/s10787-022-00927-x. Epub 2022 Feb 25.
Chronic diseases, as stated by the WHO, are a threat to human health which kill 3 out of every 5 people worldwide. Therapeutics for such illnesses can be developed using traditional medicine. However, it is not an easy path from natural products to Western pharmacological and pharmaceutical methods. For several decades, chronic inflammatory disorders, especially in Westernized countries, have increased incidence and prevalence. Several NSAIDs are used to decrease inflammation and pain; however, there are numerous negative consequences of these anti-inflammatory medications, whereas plant-based natural products have anti-inflammatory therapeutic benefits that have little or no adverse effects. Nanoparticles are a new type of drug delivery device that may be designed to provide excellent target selectivity for certain cells and tissues while also having a high drug loading capacity, resulting in better pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics (PKPD), and therapeutic bioavailability. The size and polarity of phytochemical compounds make it hard to pass the blood-brain barrier (BBB), blood-vessel endothelial lining, gastrointestinal tract and mucosa. In addition, the gastrointestinal system is enzymatically destroyed. Therefore, nanoparticles or nanocrystals might also be used for encapsulation or conjugation of these chemicals as a method to improve their organic effectiveness through their gastrointestinal stability, absorption rate and dispersion. The therapy of numerous inflammatory illnesses, including arthritis, gastritis, Nephritis, Hepatitis (Type A, B &C), ulcerative colitis, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, allergic responses (asthma, eczema) or autoimmune disorders, is characterised by nanoparticles. This review paper provides information on the numerous nanosystem described with their probable mechanism to treat chronic inflammatory diseases.
世界卫生组织指出，慢性病是威胁人类健康的杀手，全球每 5 人中就有 3 人因此死亡。可以利用传统医学来开发治疗此类疾病的疗法。然而，从天然产物到西方药理学和制药方法并非易事。几十年来，慢性炎症性疾病，特别是在西方国家，其发病率和患病率都有所上升。有几种 NSAIDs 可用于减轻炎症和疼痛；然而，这些抗炎药物有许多负面影响，而植物源性天然产品具有抗炎治疗益处，几乎没有或没有不良影响。纳米颗粒是一种新型药物输送装置，可设计为对某些细胞和组织具有优异的靶向选择性，同时具有高载药能力，从而改善药代动力学、药效学（PKPD）和治疗生物利用度。植物化学化合物的大小和极性使得它们很难通过血脑屏障（BBB）、血管内皮衬里、胃肠道和黏膜。此外，胃肠道系统会被酶破坏。因此，纳米颗粒或纳米晶体也可用于这些化学物质的封装或缀合，以通过其胃肠道稳定性、吸收率和分散性来提高其有机功效。包括关节炎、胃炎、肾炎、肝炎（A、B 和 C 型）、溃疡性结肠炎、阿尔茨海默病、动脉粥样硬化、过敏反应（哮喘、湿疹）或自身免疫性疾病在内的许多炎症性疾病的治疗都以纳米颗粒为特征。本文综述了许多描述的纳米系统及其可能的机制，以治疗慢性炎症性疾病。
