Eastwood K A, Allen-Walker V A, Maxwell M, McKinley M C
Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BJ, UK.
Royal Jubilee Maternity Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 274 Grosvenor Road, Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK.
Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2022 Feb 26;8(1):44. doi: 10.1186/s40814-022-01001-7.
There is growing evidence to support the introduction of pre-conception interventions to optimise the health of mothers and their future children. At present, there is poor awareness regarding the importance of pre-conception care (PCC) amongst healthcare professionals and couples planning a pregnancy. Community pharmacies are ideally placed to reach a range of prospective couples planning a pregnancy and could effectively provide information about PCC.
This study assessed feasibility of an intervention to raise awareness of PCC in community pharmacies in Northern Ireland over 3 months.
women of childbearing age (16-45 years) engaging with services at participating pharmacies. Study resources: campaign posters, information cards, crib sheets for pharmacy staff. A mixed methods approach was employed, including, brief information provision for women, record of staff interactions with customers, customer feedback cards and qualitative interviews with pharmacy staff. Descriptive statistics assessed distribution of study resources and staff interviews were analysed using a thematic analysis framework.
There were eight participating pharmacies, three of which consented to post-study interviews. Three pharmacies chose not to deliver the planned intervention. Distribution of campaign cards (n = 456) varied (0-86%). Analysis of customer feedback cards (n = 9) demonstrated that the majority of respondents were happy to receive information on pre-conception health. Of the women who responded to this question (n = 8), all were 'extremely likely' or 'likely' to act on the information provided. Four main themes emerged from analysis of staff interviews: (1) training and experience in providing health advice, (2) intervention resources, (3) understanding the aims of the intervention, (4) perceived value of the intervention. Barriers to intervention delivery included non-engagement from pharmacies and need for additional training of staff.
An intervention to raise awareness of PCC within a community pharmacy setting was feasible and acceptable to both women and staff in participating pharmacies. This study indicates that a number of factors must be considered to enhance implementation and effectiveness of PCC interventions in this setting. In particular, better understanding of non-engagement, provision of adequate training and support for staff, and exploring incentives for pharmacies to prioritise PCC.
越来越多的证据支持采用孕前干预措施来优化母亲及其未来子女的健康。目前，医疗保健专业人员和计划怀孕的夫妇对孕前保健（PCC）重要性的认识不足。社区药房处于理想位置，能够接触到一系列计划怀孕的准夫妇，并能有效地提供有关孕前保健的信息。
本研究评估了在北爱尔兰的社区药房进行为期3个月的提高孕前保健意识干预措施的可行性。
在参与研究的药房接受服务的育龄妇女（16 - 45岁）。研究资源：宣传海报、信息卡、药房工作人员备忘单。采用了混合方法，包括向妇女提供简要信息、记录工作人员与顾客的互动、顾客反馈卡以及对药房工作人员进行定性访谈。描述性统计评估研究资源的分发情况，工作人员访谈采用主题分析框架进行分析。
有8家参与研究的药房，其中3家同意在研究后接受访谈。3家药房选择不实施计划好的干预措施。宣传卡（n = 456）的分发情况各不相同（0 - 86%）。对顾客反馈卡（n = 9）的分析表明，大多数受访者很高兴收到有关孕前健康的信息。在回答这个问题的女性（n = 8）中，所有人都“极有可能”或“有可能”按照所提供的信息采取行动。对工作人员访谈的分析得出了四个主要主题：（1）提供健康建议的培训和经验，（2）干预资源，（3）理解干预的目标，（4）干预的感知价值。干预措施实施的障碍包括药房不参与以及需要对工作人员进行额外培训。
在社区药房环境中提高孕前保健意识的干预措施对参与研究的药房中的女性和工作人员来说是可行且可接受的。本研究表明，为提高这种环境下孕前保健干预措施的实施和有效性，必须考虑若干因素。特别是，要更好地理解不参与的情况，为工作人员提供充分的培训和支持，并探索激励药房优先开展孕前保健的措施。
