Department of Population and Development, Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales (FLACSO), Mexico City, Mexico.
Public Health. 2022 Apr;205:28-36. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.01.014. Epub 2022 Feb 24.
Suicide is a critical public health issue worldwide. The objective was to report the findings from the Global Burden of Disease study on the burden of suicide in Latin America from 1990 to 2019 and to assess its association with the sociodemographic index (SDI).
This was a cross-sectional descriptive study.
Following the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study, suicide mortality, premature mortality, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years in Latin America are reported.
The number of deaths from suicides increased significantly in most countries, but the age-standardized suicide mortality rate had a heterogeneous behavior. Suicide burden was higher for males in all age groups, and in most countries, the male-to-female ratio increased between 1990 and 2019. Almost all suicide burden is attributable to premature mortality. The highest suicide burden was present in young males and females. All countries had an increase in the SDI, and in most countries, there was a statistically significant correlation between this indicator and the suicide disability-adjusted life-years rates.
To best promote suicide prevention, it is important to understand sex and age-specific suicide burden patterns. According to these results, prevention programs intended to prevent suicide should be implemented with a special focus on high-risk groups such as young adults and the elderly.
自杀是全球范围内一个严重的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在报告全球疾病负担研究中，1990 年至 2019 年拉丁美洲自杀负担的研究结果，并评估其与社会人口指数（SDI）的相关性。
这是一项横断面描述性研究。
本研究遵循 2019 年全球疾病负担研究，报告了拉丁美洲的自杀死亡率、过早死亡率、残疾生存年数和残疾调整生命年。
大多数国家的自杀死亡人数显著增加，但年龄标准化自杀死亡率表现出异质行为。在所有年龄段，自杀负担在男性中均较高，并且在大多数国家，1990 年至 2019 年间，男性与女性的比例有所增加。几乎所有的自杀负担都归因于过早死亡。最高的自杀负担发生在年轻男性和女性中。所有国家的 SDI 都有所增加，并且在大多数国家，该指标与自杀残疾调整生命年率之间存在统计学显著相关性。
为了更好地促进自杀预防，了解特定性别和年龄的自杀负担模式非常重要。根据这些结果，旨在预防自杀的预防计划应特别关注高危人群，如年轻成年人和老年人。
