Aslam Rabia, Sharif Faiza, Baqar Mujtaba, Nizami Abdul-Sattar, Ashraf Uzma
Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Lahore School of Economics, Lahore, 53200, Pakistan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Jan;30(4):8682-8697. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-19086-1. Epub 2022 Feb 26.
Air pollution levels rise as a result of industrial and vehicular emissions, epidemiological issues such as asthma become more prevalent in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan and cause adverse public health effects. Many studies explored the association between air pollutants and frequency of asthma hospital visits, although their effects are unclear. This study examined the link between air pollution, asthma, and socioeconomic and demographic factors. A questionnaire survey was administered among four age groups (15-25, 25-45, 45-60, and over 60 years old) in public and private hospitals of Lahore city. Daily average concentrations of five air pollutants including carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO), sulfur dioxide (SO), ozone (O), and particulate matter (PM and PM) were recorded at ten fixed air monitoring sites in Lahore city. There were favorable connections between outpatient department (OPD) asthma visits (64%) and levels of outdoor air quality during winter season throughout the study period. The correlation between 1, 29, and 370 asthma patients and average daily air pollution levels found that the condition was more prevalent in females (53%) than males (47%). There was a significant correlation between PM exposure and asthma OPD visits in the city (p 0.001), as well as the elevated PM levels were substantially linked with OPD asthma visits over the winter season in the city. The hazard index (HI) for all adult population was estimated 0.001132. The study's findings indicate that exposure to ambient air pollution is a significant predictor of asthma hospital visits, particularly among the elderly. Strategies can be developed by policymakers in response to the worrying situation of allergic disease asthma in industrial cities due to air pollution.
由于工业和车辆排放，空气污染水平上升，诸如哮喘等流行病学问题在巴基斯坦旁遮普省拉合尔变得更加普遍，并对公众健康造成不利影响。许多研究探讨了空气污染物与哮喘医院就诊频率之间的关联，尽管其影响尚不清楚。本研究考察了空气污染、哮喘以及社会经济和人口因素之间的联系。在拉合尔市的公立医院和私立医院对四个年龄组（15 - 25岁、25 - 45岁、45 - 60岁以及60岁以上）进行了问卷调查。在拉合尔市的十个固定空气监测点记录了包括一氧化碳（CO）、二氧化氮（NO）、二氧化硫（SO）、臭氧（O）以及颗粒物（PM 和 PM）在内的五种空气污染物的日平均浓度。在整个研究期间的冬季，门诊（OPD）哮喘就诊（64%）与室外空气质量水平之间存在良好的关联。对129名和370名哮喘患者与每日平均空气污染水平的相关性研究发现，该疾病在女性（53%）中比男性（47%）更普遍。该市PM暴露与哮喘门诊就诊之间存在显著相关性（p < 0.001），而且冬季该市PM水平升高与门诊哮喘就诊显著相关。所有成年人群的危害指数（HI）估计为0.001132。该研究结果表明，暴露于环境空气污染是哮喘医院就诊的一个重要预测因素，尤其是在老年人中。政策制定者可以针对工业城市因空气污染导致的过敏性疾病哮喘这一令人担忧的情况制定相应策略。
