Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
Pathol Oncol Res. 2022 Feb 9;28:1610293. doi: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610293. eCollection 2022.
Gastric cancer is a common malignancy and remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, though its incidence is in decline in most developed countries. One of the major challenges of treating gastric cancer is tumor heterogeneity, which portends a high degree of prognostic variance and the necessity for different treatment modalities. Tumor heterogeneity is at least in part due to divergent differentiation of tumor cells to clones harboring different molecular alterations. Here we studied the expression of emerging prognostic markers SOX9, MCL-1, and SPOCK1 (Testican-1) in a cohort of gastric cancer by immunohistochemistry and investigated how individual biomarkers and their combinations predict disease prognosis. We found frequent expression of SPOCK1 (in both nuclei and cytoplasm), MCL-1 and SOX9 in gastric cancer. In univariate analysis, nuclear SPOCK1 expression and pathologic TNM stage were negative prognostic markers in this cohort. In multivariate analysis, SOX9 expression stood out as a predictor of poor prognosis. Further subgroup analysis suggested prognostic value of SOX9 expression in poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma. MCL-1 showed no prognostic role in this cohort.
胃癌是一种常见的恶性肿瘤，仍然是癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一，尽管在大多数发达国家，其发病率正在下降。治疗胃癌的主要挑战之一是肿瘤异质性，这预示着预后差异很大，需要采用不同的治疗方式。肿瘤异质性至少部分是由于肿瘤细胞向具有不同分子改变的克隆分化。在这里，我们通过免疫组织化学研究了 SOX9、MCL-1 和 SPOCK1（Testican-1）等新兴预后标志物在胃癌队列中的表达，并研究了单个生物标志物及其组合如何预测疾病预后。我们发现胃癌中 SPOCK1（核和细胞质）、MCL-1 和 SOX9 的表达频繁。在单因素分析中，核 SPOCK1 表达和病理 TNM 分期是该队列的不良预后标志物。在多因素分析中，SOX9 表达是预后不良的预测因子。进一步的亚组分析表明，SOX9 表达在低分化胃腺癌中有预后价值。MCL-1 在该队列中无预后作用。
