Zhang Lei, Jia Hang, Liu Xuqian, Zou Yaxin, Sun Jiayi, Liu Mengyu, Jia Shuangshuang, Liu Nan, Li Yanzhang, Wang Qun
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Feb 11;12:764654. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.764654. eCollection 2021.
Cancer is the most common life-threatening malignant disease. The future of personalized cancer treatments relies on the development of functional agents that have tumor-targeted anticancer activities and can be detected in tumors through imaging. Cyanines, especially heptamethine cyanine (Cy7), have prospective application because of their excellent tumor-targeting capacity, high quantum yield, low tissue autofluorescence, long absorption wavelength, and low background interference. In this review, the application of Cy7 and its derivatives in tumors is comprehensively explored. Cy7 is enormously acknowledged in the field of non-invasive therapy that can "detect" and "kill" tumor cells near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging, photothermal therapy (PTT), and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Furthermore, Cy7 is more available and has excellent properties in cancer theranostics by the presence of multifunctional nanoparticles fulfilling multimodal imaging and combination therapy simultaneously. This review provides a comprehensive scope of Cy7's application for cancer NIRF imaging, phototherapy, nanoprobe-based combination therapy in recent years. A deeper understanding of the application of imaging and treatment underlying Cy7 in cancer may provide new strategies for drug development based on cyanine. Thus, the review will lead the way to new types with optical properties and practical transformation to clinical practice.
癌症是最常见的危及生命的恶性疾病。个性化癌症治疗的未来依赖于开发具有肿瘤靶向抗癌活性且能通过成像在肿瘤中检测到的功能性药物。花菁，尤其是七甲川花菁（Cy7），因其出色的肿瘤靶向能力、高量子产率、低组织自发荧光、长吸收波长和低背景干扰而具有潜在应用价值。在这篇综述中，全面探讨了Cy7及其衍生物在肿瘤中的应用。Cy7在非侵入性治疗领域得到广泛认可，它可通过近红外荧光（NIRF）成像、光热疗法（PTT）和光动力疗法（PDT）“检测”并“杀死”肿瘤细胞。此外，通过多功能纳米颗粒的存在，Cy7在癌症诊疗中更具实用性且具有优异性能，可同时实现多模态成像和联合治疗。这篇综述全面介绍了近年来Cy7在癌症NIRF成像、光疗、基于纳米探针的联合治疗中的应用。深入了解Cy7在癌症中的成像和治疗应用可能为基于花菁的药物开发提供新策略。因此，这篇综述将为具有光学特性的新型药物以及向临床实践的实际转化指明方向。
