Peng Xing, Jiang Hao, Yang Jiazhong, Shi Rong, Feng Junyi, Liang Yaowei
Institute of Aviation Human Factors and Cognitive Neuroscience, College of Flight Technology, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China.
Technical Support Center, Operation Control Department, Beijing Capital Airlines, Beijing, China.
Front Psychol. 2022 Feb 10;13:808150. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.808150. eCollection 2022.
Our research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of auditory, visual, and audiovisual warning signals for capturing the attention of the pilot, and how stimulus onset asynchronies (SOA) in audiovisual stimuli affect pilots perceiving the bimodal warning signals under different perceptual load conditions. In experiment 1 of the low perceptual load condition, participants discriminated the location (right vs. left) of visual targets preceded by five different types of warning signals. In experiment 2 of high perceptual load, participants completed the location task identical to a low load condition and a digit detection task in a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) stream. The main effect of warning signals in two experiments showed that visual and auditory cues presented simultaneously (AV) could effectively and efficiently arouse the attention of the pilots in high and low load conditions. Specifically, auditory (A), AV, and visual preceding auditory stimulus by 100 ms (VA100) increased the spatial orientation to a valid position in low load conditions. With the increase in visual perceptual load, auditory preceding the visual stimulus by 100 ms (AV100) and A warning signals had stronger spatial orientation. The results are expected to theoretically support the optimization design of the cockpit display interface, contributing to immediate flight crew awareness.
我们的研究旨在调查听觉、视觉和视听警告信号对吸引飞行员注意力的有效性，以及视听刺激中的刺激起始异步性（SOA）如何在不同感知负荷条件下影响飞行员对双峰警告信号的感知。在低感知负荷条件的实验1中，参与者辨别在五种不同类型警告信号之后出现的视觉目标的位置（右对左）。在高感知负荷的实验2中，参与者完成了与低负荷条件相同的位置任务以及快速序列视觉呈现（RSVP）流中的数字检测任务。两个实验中警告信号的主要效应表明，同时呈现的视觉和听觉线索（AV）能够在高负荷和低负荷条件下有效且高效地引起飞行员的注意。具体而言，在低负荷条件下，听觉（A）、AV以及视觉先于听觉刺激100毫秒（VA100）会增加向有效位置的空间定向。随着视觉感知负荷的增加，听觉先于视觉刺激100毫秒（AV100）和A警告信号具有更强的空间定向。这些结果有望在理论上支持驾驶舱显示界面的优化设计，有助于飞行机组人员即刻警觉。
