Peng Xing, Liang Yaowei, Li Xiuyi, Sun Jiaying, Tang Xiaoyu, Wang Aijun, Zeng Chengyi
Civil Aviation Flight University of China, China.
University of Toronto, Canada.
Iperception. 2025 Aug 6;16(4):20416695251364202. doi: 10.1177/20416695251364202. eCollection 2025 Jul-Aug.
Pilots show superior visual processing capabilities in many visual domain tasks. However, the extent to which this perceptual advantage extends to multisensory processing requires validation. In this study, we examined multisensory integration of auditory and visual information in both pilot and control groups, utilizing two sound-induced flash illusions (SIFI) tasks: the fission illusion, where one flash coupled with two beeps is perceived as two flashes; and the fusion illusion, where two flashes with a single beep are perceived as one flash. Sixty-six participants were instructed to discern whether they observed one or two flashes while discounting irrelevant auditory beeps, across six conditions: one flash (1F), two flashes (2F), one flash/one beep (1F1B), one flash/two beeps (1F2B), two flashes/one beep (2F1B), and two flashes/two beeps (2F2B). We varied six stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) between auditory and visual events (25-150 ms) to assess the participants' temporal binding window (TBW). Signal detection theory was employed to analyze the group differences in illusion reports. The findings suggest that, while pilots are less susceptible to SIFI in either fission or fusion conditions, they only exhibit narrower TBW in the fusion condition, where pilots demonstrated a more gradual change in their susceptibility as SOA increases. In the fission condition, the group difference was primarily driven by visual sensitivity, whereas in the fusion condition it also likely reflected pilots' distinct multisensory integration mechanisms. Two alternative possibilities are discussed to explain the group differences and the different multisensory integration patterns in fission and fusion conditions.
飞行员在许多视觉领域任务中表现出卓越的视觉处理能力。然而，这种感知优势在多大程度上扩展到多感官处理仍需验证。在本研究中，我们利用两项声音诱发闪光错觉（SIFI）任务，考察了飞行员组和对照组中听觉和视觉信息的多感官整合：裂变错觉，即一个闪光与两声哔哔声相结合时被感知为两个闪光；以及融合错觉，即两个闪光与一声哔哔声相结合时被感知为一个闪光。66名参与者被要求在六种条件下辨别他们观察到的是一个还是两个闪光，同时忽略无关的听觉哔哔声：一个闪光（1F）、两个闪光（2F）、一个闪光/一声哔哔声（1F1B）、一个闪光/两声哔哔声（1F2B）、两个闪光/一声哔哔声（2F1B）和两个闪光/两声哔哔声（2F2B）。我们改变了听觉和视觉事件之间的六种刺激起始异步性（SOA）（25 - 150毫秒），以评估参与者的时间绑定窗口（TBW）。采用信号检测理论分析错觉报告中的组间差异。研究结果表明，虽然飞行员在裂变或融合条件下对SIFI的敏感度较低，但他们仅在融合条件下表现出更窄的TBW，在融合条件下，随着SOA增加，飞行员的敏感度变化更为平缓。在裂变条件下，组间差异主要由视觉敏感度驱动，而在融合条件下，这也可能反映了飞行员独特的多感官整合机制。讨论了两种替代可能性，以解释组间差异以及裂变和融合条件下不同的多感官整合模式。
