Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.
Front Immunol. 2022 Feb 9;13:807343. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.807343. eCollection 2022.
Tissue resident immune system cells in the chicken intestine play a significant role in the protection against pathogens. However, very little is known about these cells. The current study was conducted to further characterize chicken intestinal immune system cells. Furthermore, this study aimed to assess the immune modulatory action of a highly virulent , a commonly found chicken intestinal microbe, in comparison with a non-commensal, , on intestine-derived immune system cells. The results demonstrated varying distribution of innate and adaptive immune cells along the avian gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and cecal tonsils. In addition, steady-state and tissue-specific presence of CD25+ cells among αβ and γδ T-cell subsets was assessed along the intestine. stimulation with or resulted in a significant increase in the frequency of CD25+ T cells (γδ and αβ T cells). In addition, significantly more cell death was observed in stimulation with , which was indirectly correlated with a decrease in macrophage activation based on nitric oxide (NO) production with no effect on lymphoid cell responsiveness as per intracellular interferon (IFN)-gamma (γ) staining. stimulation with activated γδ T cells and αβ T cells, based on intracellular IFN-γ staining, while it had limited effect on macrophages. However, the ability of γδ and αβ T cells to produce IFN-γ and the ability of macrophages production of NO was rescued in the presence of These results demonstrate the potential application of , as a probiotic, against virulent infection in chicken.
组织驻留免疫细胞在鸡肠道中对抵抗病原体起着重要作用。然而，人们对这些细胞知之甚少。本研究旨在进一步研究鸡肠道免疫系统细胞，并评估一种高致病性（），与一种非共生（）相比，对肠道来源的免疫系统细胞的免疫调节作用。结果表明，固有免疫细胞和适应性免疫细胞在禽类肠道相关淋巴组织（GALT）中的十二指肠、空肠、回肠和盲肠扁桃体中呈不同分布。此外，还评估了 CD25+细胞在αβ和γδ T 细胞亚群中的稳态和组织特异性存在情况。与对照组相比，与 或 刺激后，CD25+T 细胞（γδ和αβ T 细胞）的频率显著增加。此外，与 刺激相比，观察到更多的细胞死亡，这与巨噬细胞激活的减少间接相关，基于一氧化氮（NO）产生，对淋巴细胞反应性没有影响，根据细胞内干扰素（IFN）-γ（γ）染色。与对照组相比，与 刺激后，γδ 和αβ T 细胞被激活，基于细胞内 IFN-γ 染色，但对巨噬细胞的影响有限。然而，在存在 的情况下，γδ 和αβ T 细胞产生 IFN-γ的能力和巨噬细胞产生 NO 的能力得到了恢复。这些结果表明，作为益生菌，在鸡中具有抵抗高致病性感染的应用潜力。
