Lewis Carlee, Kwee Janelle, Rossen Larissa, McDonald Marvin
Trinity Western University, Langley, British Columbia Canada.
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada.
J Child Adolesc Trauma. 2021 Sep 10;15(1):131-148. doi: 10.1007/s40653-021-00395-5. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Adopted children are at heightened risk for developing attachment insecurity due to relational disruptions experienced early in life. A newly developed therapy, Lifespan Integration (LI; Pace in Lifespan Integration: Connecting ego states through time (5th ed.), 2012), shows promise in reducing psychopathology and other detrimental outcomes with individuals exhibiting disrupted attachment. In this study, the efficacy of LI for addressing attachment processes with adopted children in middle childhood was investigated.
A Hermeneutic Single Case Efficacy Design (Elliott in Psychotherapy Research, 12(1), 1-21, 2002 & The handbook of humanistic psychology: Theory, research and practice (2nd ed., pp. 351-360), 2015) was used to gather quantitative and qualitative data from an adoptive parent-child dyad experiencing LI therapy for the first time. The research participant, a 12-year-old male, received 10 sessions of LI therapy with his adoptive mother present to facilitate a more secure attachment.
Client change and the contribution of LI to this change was advocated by expert case developers, and adjudicated by three experts, who concluded that change occurred and that this change was due to LI therapy. Changes in internal attachment processes, and the attachment bond between the parent and child of this dyad, was observed.
This case provides evidence that attachment disruptions can potentially be repaired in middle childhood and ought to be targeted for intervention in early childhood and beyond to prevent later socio-emotional and psychological issues.
由于在生命早期经历的关系中断，领养儿童出现依恋不安全感的风险更高。一种新开发的疗法，即生命历程整合疗法（LI；《生命历程整合：穿越时间连接自我状态》（第5版），2012年），在减少心理病理学症状和对表现出依恋障碍的个体的其他有害后果方面显示出前景。在本研究中，调查了生命历程整合疗法对解决童年中期领养儿童的依恋过程的疗效。
采用诠释性单病例疗效设计（埃利奥特，《心理治疗研究》，12(1)，1 - 21，2002年；以及《人本主义心理学手册：理论、研究与实践》（第2版，第351 - 360页），2015年），从一对首次接受生命历程整合疗法的养父母 - 子女二元组收集定量和定性数据。研究参与者是一名12岁男性，在其养母在场的情况下接受了10次生命历程整合疗法治疗，以促进更安全的依恋关系。
专家案例开发者主张来访者的改变以及生命历程整合疗法对这种改变的作用，并由三位专家进行评判，他们得出结论认为发生了改变，且这种改变归因于生命历程整合疗法。观察到内部依恋过程以及该二元组中亲子之间的依恋关系发生了变化。
该案例提供了证据，表明童年中期的依恋障碍有可能得到修复，并且应该在幼儿期及以后进行干预，以预防后期的社会情感和心理问题。
