Inyang Bithaiah, Gondal Faisal J, Abah Godwin A, Minnal Dhandapani Mahesh, Manne Manasa, Khanna Manish, Challa Sabitha, Kabeil Ahmed S, Mohammed Lubna
Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Cureus. 2022 Jan 21;14(1):e21466. doi: 10.7759/cureus.21466. eCollection 2022 Jan.
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a prevalent cause of disability worldwide. Distinguished mainly by psychosis, behavioral alterations could range from hallucinations to delusions. This systematic review examines evidence of a relationship between childhood trauma/adverse life events and psychosis, especially in SCZ. A methodical search provided reproducible results using these five databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Semantic Scholar, JSTOR, and Cochrane Library. The systematic search focused on articles published between July 2016 and July 2021. The search strategy utilized specific keywords relevant to SCZ, psychosis, and childhood trauma. The formulation of specified inclusion and exclusion criteria was necessary to ensure a comprehensive narrowed-down search, such as the inclusion of free full-text articles published or translated in English and exclusion of irrelevant subject areas. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a strategic search initially identified 741 articles; three additional articles were identified from citation searching. After relevance screening, duplicate removal, and quality appraisal, 12 studies from databases/registers and three from citation searching met the criteria proving relevance to our review with minimal evidence of bias. The final selected 15 studies included observational studies and reviews. A review of relevant data unveiled findings on childhood adversity, individual lived experiences, and their involvement in SCZ. Evidence suggests that certain neurobiological processes occur in brain after trauma. The inflammation and dysregulation from oxidative stress predispose patients to an at-risk-mental state, facilitating the progression to SCZ. This review encourages further evaluation of early trauma detection and the potential benefits of early intervention.
精神分裂症（SCZ）是全球致残的常见原因。主要以精神病为特征，行为改变范围从幻觉到妄想。本系统评价考察童年创伤/不良生活事件与精神病之间关系的证据，尤其是在精神分裂症中。通过对这五个数据库进行系统检索得出了可重复的结果：PubMed、ScienceDirect、语义学者、JSTOR和考科蓝图书馆。系统检索聚焦于2016年7月至2021年7月发表的文章。检索策略使用了与精神分裂症、精神病和童年创伤相关的特定关键词。制定明确的纳入和排除标准对于确保全面缩小检索范围是必要的，例如纳入以英文发表或翻译的免费全文文章，并排除不相关的主题领域。根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南，初步的系统检索识别出741篇文章；通过引文检索又识别出另外3篇文章。经过相关性筛选、去除重复项和质量评估，来自数据库/登记处的12项研究以及来自引文检索的3项研究符合标准，证明与我们的综述相关且偏倚证据最少。最终选定的15项研究包括观察性研究和综述。对相关数据的综述揭示了关于童年逆境、个人生活经历及其与精神分裂症关系的研究结果。有证据表明，创伤后大脑中会发生某些神经生物学过程。氧化应激引起的炎症和失调使患者易处于高危精神状态，促进向精神分裂症的进展。本综述鼓励进一步评估早期创伤检测以及早期干预的潜在益处。
