2nd Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital of Thessaloniki, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Psychiatriki. 2021 Sep 20;32(3):241-246. doi: 10.22365/jpsych.2021.024. Epub 2021 Aug 5.
Childhood trauma (CT) refers to severe early life adversities, especially experiences of parental abuse and neglect. Patients with schizophrenia spectrum psychosis (SSP) report higher CT rates than the general population. As CT assessment in SSP samples has been mainly conducted retrospectively through adult recollections of childhood adverse events, reservations about the reliability and validity of these reports have arisen. We sought to explore the short-term reliability of retrospective CT reports in sixty-three patients with SSP, by assessing the concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of the data. Two CT self-report measures, the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire (CECA.Q) and the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) were employed for this task. High concurrent validity was detected between CECA.Q antipathy scales and PBI care and overprotection scales; and between CECA.Q neglect scales and PBI care scales. High test-retest reliability was confirmed for all CECA.Q and PBI scales. Our findings indicate that retrospective CT self-report measures are a reliable means of assessing early life adversities in SSP. However, further provisions should be taken to increase the reliability of retrospective reports, especially corroboration of the events through other sources and removal of latent confounders, such as psychopathology, memory fallacies and social desirability biases.
儿童创伤（CT）是指严重的早期生活逆境，尤其是遭受父母虐待和忽视的经历。患有精神分裂症谱系精神病（SSP）的患者报告的 CT 发生率高于一般人群。由于 SSP 样本中的 CT 评估主要是通过成年人对童年不良事件的回忆进行回顾性评估，因此对这些报告的可靠性和有效性产生了保留意见。我们试图通过评估数据的同时效度和重测信度，来探讨 63 名 SSP 患者回顾性 CT 报告的短期可靠性。为此，采用了两种 CT 自我报告量表，即儿童期经历关爱和虐待问卷（CECA.Q）和父母养育方式问卷（PBI）。CECA.Q 反感量表和 PBI 关爱和过度保护量表之间以及 CECA.Q 忽视量表和 PBI 关爱量表之间检测到高度的同时效度；所有 CECA.Q 和 PBI 量表都证实了高度的重测信度。我们的研究结果表明，回顾性 CT 自我报告量表是评估 SSP 早期生活逆境的可靠方法。然而，应进一步采取措施提高回顾性报告的可靠性，特别是通过其他来源核实事件，并消除潜在的混杂因素，如精神病理学、记忆谬误和社会期望偏差。
