Watson Patricia
National Center for PTSD, White River Junction, VT USA.
Curr Treat Options Psychiatry. 2022;9(1):14-40. doi: 10.1007/s40501-021-00253-z. Epub 2022 Feb 21.
In the context of an ongoing, highly uncertain pandemic, disaster mental health measures can increase community capacity for resilience and well-being, support formal mental health treatment, and help address the risk for mental health reactions in high-stress occupations. The purpose of this review is to summarize the literature on disaster mental health interventions that have been helpful both prior to and during the pandemic in a broad range of applications, including for use with high-stress occupations in an effort to mitigate risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other mental health sequelae.
Evidence-based and evidence-informed disaster mental health interventions, frameworks, and treatments have been studied in pilot studies, non-randomized trials, and randomized clinical trials prior to and in the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic. The studies have demonstrated feasibility and acceptability of these modalities and improved perceived support, as well as significant reductions in distress, and mental health symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and PTSD.
A disaster mental health approach to the COVID-19 pandemic can generate opportunities for prevention and support at multiple levels with timely interventions tailored for different concerns, cultures, and available resources.
在这场持续且高度不确定的大流行背景下，灾难心理健康措施可增强社区的恢复力和幸福感，支持正规的心理健康治疗，并有助于应对高压力职业中心理健康反应的风险。本综述的目的是总结有关灾难心理健康干预措施的文献，这些干预措施在大流行之前和期间的广泛应用中都很有帮助，包括用于高压力职业，以努力降低创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和其他心理健康后遗症的风险。
在当前新冠疫情之前及期间，基于证据和循证的灾难心理健康干预措施、框架及治疗方法已在试点研究、非随机试验和随机临床试验中得到研究。这些研究证明了这些方式的可行性和可接受性，提高了感知到的支持，同时显著减轻了痛苦以及抑郁、焦虑和创伤后应激障碍等心理健康症状。
针对新冠疫情的灾难心理健康方法可以通过为不同关注点、文化和可用资源量身定制的及时干预措施，在多个层面创造预防和支持的机会。
