Gauthier A, Levy V G, Quinton A, Michel H, Rueff B, Descos L, Durbec J P, Fermanian J, Lancrenon S
Gut. 1986 Jun;27(6):705-9. doi: 10.1136/gut.27.6.705.
To compare the effect of diet, cirrhotic patients with ascites were randomised into two treatment groups: (1) a low sodium diet (21 mmol) per day or (2) an unrestricted sodium intake. Both groups received effective doses of diuretics (spironolactone or, if necessary, spironolactone and furosemide. One hundred and forty patients from 12 liver units were included according to well defined criteria (group 1: 76; group 2: 64). After an initial four to seven day period of bed rest and salt restriction (21 mmol sodium pd), randomisation was done in each centre. We saw no significant difference between the two groups with respect to clinical and biochemical data; mortality or withdrawal (definitive or temporary) because of biochemical disturbances (group 1: 34%, group 2: 22%); the time for complete disappearance of ascites was significantly shorter (p = 0.014) for the salt restricted patients actuarial survival (curves plotted up to the 120th day) was not statistically different (p = 0.18), but division into subgroups using various prognostic factors showed that survival was significantly better for salt restricted patients without previous gastrointestinal bleeding (p = 0.02); hospitalisation time and costs were identical in both groups. We conclude that the advantage of a normal salt diet was not shown in this study.
为比较饮食的影响，将肝硬化腹水患者随机分为两个治疗组：（1）每天低钠饮食（21毫摩尔）或（2）钠摄入不受限制。两组均接受有效剂量的利尿剂（螺内酯，必要时加用螺内酯和呋塞米）。根据明确的标准纳入了来自12个肝病单元的140例患者（第1组：76例；第2组：64例）。在最初4至7天的卧床休息和限盐期（每天21毫摩尔钠）后，各中心进行随机分组。我们发现两组在临床和生化数据、因生化紊乱导致的死亡率或退出研究（最终或暂时）方面无显著差异（第1组：34%，第2组：22%）；限盐患者腹水完全消失的时间显著缩短（p = 0.014），精算生存率（绘制至第120天的曲线）无统计学差异（p = 0.18），但根据各种预后因素分为亚组显示，既往无胃肠道出血的限盐患者生存率显著更高（p = 0.02）；两组的住院时间和费用相同。我们得出结论，本研究未显示正常盐饮食的优势。
