BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Urolithiasis is characterized by high rates of prevalence and recurrence. Hyperuricemia is related to various diseases. We hope to determine the association between serum uric acid (UA) level and kidney stone (KS).

METHODS

In this population-based cross-sectional study, a total of 82,017 Chinese individuals who underwent a comprehensive examination in 2017 were included. The KS was diagnosed based on ultrasonography examination outcomes. Fully adjusted odds ratio () for KS, and mean difference between the two groups were applied to determine the association of UA level with KS.

RESULTS

Among the 82,017 participants included in this study (aged 1899 years), 9,435 participants (11.5%) are diagnosed with KS. A proportion of 56.3% of individuals is male. The mean UA level of overall participants is 341.77 μmol/L. The participants with KS report higher UA level than the participants without KS [mean UA level 369.91 vs. 338.11 μmol/L; mean difference (MD), 31.96 (95% , 29.6134.28) μmol/L]. In men, the OR for KS significantly increases from 330 μmol/L UA level. Every 50 μmol/L elevation of UA level increases the risk of KS formation by about 10.7% above the UA level of 330 μmol/L in men. The subgroup analysis for male is consistent with the overall result except for the participants presenting underweight [adjusted , 1.035 (0.8751.217); MD, -5.57 (-16.4511.37)], low cholesterol [adjusted , 1.088 (0.9381.261); MD, 8.18 (-7.9324.68)] or high estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) [adjusted , 1.044 (0.9831.108); MD, 5.61 (-1.8413.36)]. However, no significant association is observed in women between UA and KS either in all female participants or in female subgroups.

CONCLUSION

Among Chinese adults, UA level is associated with KS in a dose-response manner in men but not in women. However, the association becomes considerably weak in male participants with malnutrition status.