Pappinen Jukka, Nordquist Hilla
FinnHEMS Research and Development Unit, FI-01530 Vantaa, Finland.
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
Nurs Rep. 2022 Feb 3;12(1):50-58. doi: 10.3390/nursrep12010006.
Most traffic research on emergency medical services (EMS) focuses on investigating the time saved with emergency response driving. Evidence regarding driving speed during non-urgent ambulance missions is lacking. In contrast, this descriptive study compared registered driving speeds to the road speed limit in urgent A-missions and non-urgent D-missions. Specifically, the study examined driving speeds during normal speed limits, periods of reduced winter speed limits, and speeding during non-urgent D-missions.
Urgent A-missions and non-urgent D-missions were included. Registered ambulance locations and speed data from Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Finland between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2018 were used. Ambulance locations were linked to OpenStreetMap digital road network data. The registered driving speed distribution was reported as quartiles by the effective road speed limit. Furthermore, the results during the normal speed limit and reduced winter speed limit periods were reported separately. Driving speeds in non-urgent missions were compared with current Finnish traffic violation legislation.
As expected, the urgent A-missions exceeded the speed limits during both the normal speed limit and reduced winter speed limit periods. On the smallest streets with speed limits of 30 km/h, the driving speeds in urgent missions were lower than the speed limit. The driving speeds in non-urgent D-missions were broadly similar throughout the whole year on high-speed roads, and mostly on lower speed limit roads. However, within the 30 km/h speed limits, the mean speed in non-urgent missions appeared to increase during the winter. One-fifth of the registered non-urgent D-missions were speeding.
Speeding is common in urgent A-missions and non-urgent D-missions throughout the year. Stricter guidelines for EMS are needed to increase driving safety.
大多数关于紧急医疗服务（EMS）的交通研究都集中在调查紧急响应驾驶所节省的时间上。缺乏关于非紧急救护车任务期间行驶速度的证据。相比之下，这项描述性研究比较了紧急A类任务和非紧急D类任务中记录的行驶速度与道路限速。具体而言，该研究考察了正常限速期间、冬季限速降低期间的行驶速度，以及非紧急D类任务期间的超速情况。
纳入紧急A类任务和非紧急D类任务。使用了芬兰皮尔卡区医院2018年1月1日至2018年12月31日期间记录的救护车位置和速度数据。救护车位置与OpenStreetMap数字道路网络数据相关联。记录的行驶速度分布按有效道路限速报告为四分位数。此外，分别报告了正常限速期和冬季限速降低期的结果。将非紧急任务中的行驶速度与芬兰现行交通违规立法进行了比较。
正如预期的那样，紧急A类任务在正常限速期和冬季限速降低期均超过了限速。在限速为30公里/小时的最小街道上，紧急任务中的行驶速度低于限速。在全年中，非紧急D类任务在高速公路上以及大多数限速较低的道路上的行驶速度大致相似。然而，在30公里/小时的限速范围内，非紧急任务的平均速度在冬季似乎有所增加。记录的非紧急D类任务中有五分之一超速。
全年中，超速在紧急A类任务和非紧急D类任务中都很常见。需要更严格的紧急医疗服务指南以提高驾驶安全性。
