Institute for Disaster and Emergency Management, 141 69, Berlin, Germany.
Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 70182, Örebro, Sweden.
BMC Emerg Med. 2021 Dec 18;21(1):160. doi: 10.1186/s12873-021-00554-9.
The transport of patients from one location to another is a fundamental part of emergency medical services. However, little interest has been shown in the actual driving of the ambulance. Therefore, this review aimed to investigate how the driving of the ambulance affects the patient and the medical care provided in an emergency medical situation.
A systematic integrative review using both quantitative and qualitative designs based on 17 scientific papers published between 2011 and 2020 was conducted.
Ambulance driving, both the actual speed, driving pattern, navigation, and communication between the driver and the patient, influenced both the patient's medical condition and the possibility of providing adequate care during the transport. The driving itself had an impact on prehospital time spent on the road, safety, comfort, and medical issues. The driver's health and ability to manage stress caused by traffic, time pressure, sirens, and disturbing moments also significantly influenced ambulance transport safety.
The driving of the ambulance had a potential effect on patient health, wellbeing, and safety. Therefore, driving should be considered an essential part of the medical care offered within emergency medical services, requiring specific skills and competence in both medicine, stress management, and risk approaches in addition to the technical skills of driving a vehicle. Further studies on the driving, environmental, and safety aspects of being transported in an ambulance are needed from a patient's perspective.
患者在不同地点之间的转运是急救医疗服务的基本组成部分。然而，对于救护车的实际驾驶过程，人们的兴趣不大。因此，本综述旨在探讨救护车的驾驶如何影响患者以及在紧急医疗情况下提供的医疗护理。
采用基于 2011 年至 2020 年期间发表的 17 篇科学论文的定量和定性综合评价方法进行研究。
救护车的驾驶，包括实际速度、驾驶模式、导航以及司机与患者之间的交流，都会对患者的医疗状况和在运输过程中提供充分护理的可能性产生影响。驾驶本身会影响院前在路上花费的时间、安全性、舒适度和医疗问题。司机的健康状况和应对交通、时间压力、警笛和干扰时刻的压力的能力也会对救护车运输的安全性产生重大影响。
救护车的驾驶可能会对患者的健康、幸福和安全产生影响。因此，驾驶应被视为急救医疗服务中提供的医疗护理的重要组成部分，除了驾驶车辆的技术技能外，还需要具备医学、压力管理和风险方法方面的特定技能和能力。需要从患者的角度进一步研究救护车的驾驶、环境和运输安全方面。
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