Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Chem Senses. 2022 Jan 1;47. doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjac002.
Our goal in this article is to provide a perspective on how to understand the nature of responses to chemical mixtures. In studying responses to mixtures, researchers often identify "mixture interactions"-responses to mixtures that are not accurately predicted from the responses to the mixture's individual components. Critical in these studies is how to predict responses to mixtures and thus to identify a mixture interaction. We explore this issue with a focus on olfaction and on the first level of neural processing-olfactory sensory neurons-although we use examples from taste systems as well and we consider responses beyond sensory neurons, including behavior and psychophysics. We provide a broadly comparative perspective that includes examples from vertebrates and invertebrates, from genetic and nongenetic animal models, and from literature old and new. In the end, we attempt to recommend how to approach these problems, including possible future research directions.
我们在这篇文章中的目标是提供一个视角，以理解对化学混合物的反应的本质。在研究对混合物的反应时，研究人员通常会确定“混合物相互作用”——对混合物的反应，而不是从混合物的各个成分的反应准确预测。在这些研究中至关重要的是如何预测对混合物的反应，从而识别混合物相互作用。我们通过关注嗅觉以及第一级神经处理——嗅觉感觉神经元来探讨这个问题，尽管我们也使用味觉系统的例子，并且我们考虑了超越感觉神经元的反应，包括行为和心理物理学。我们提供了一个广泛的比较视角，包括来自脊椎动物和无脊椎动物、遗传和非遗传动物模型以及新旧文献的例子。最后，我们试图推荐如何解决这些问题，包括可能的未来研究方向。
