School of Health Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK.
School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2022 Feb 28;22(1):268. doi: 10.1186/s12913-022-07587-1.
There is increasing interest in the role of community pharmacy in the early diagnosis and prevention of cancer. This study set out to examine how often community pharmacists (CPs) encourage patients to spot or respond to potential signs and symptoms of cancer, and how often they help people to make an informed decision about taking part in bowel cancer screening.
Data from 400 UK CPs, who completed the 2018 Cancer Research UK Healthcare Professional Tracker survey, were analysed. The primary outcomes were: 'how often CPs encourage patients to spot or respond to potential signs and symptoms of cancer' and 'how often CPs encourage eligible people to make an informed decision to participate in bowel cancer screening'. Associations between behaviours and demographic and psychological variables (Capability, Opportunity and Motivation) were assessed using multivariate logistic regression.
Most (n = 331, 82.8%) CPs reported occasionally, frequently or always encouraging patients to spot or respond to potential signs and symptoms of cancer, while only half (n = 203, 50.8%) reported occasionally, frequently or always helping people make an informed decision to participate in bowel cancer screening. Female sex (aOR: 3.20, 95%CI: 1.51, 6.81; p < 0.01) and increased Opportunity (aOR: 1.72, 95%CIs: 1.12, 2.64; p < 0.05) and Motivation (aOR: 1.76, 95%CIs: 1.37, 2.27; p < 0.001) were associated with encouraging patients to spot or respond to potential signs and symptoms of cancer; all three psychological variables were associated with helping people to make an informed decision to participate in bowel cancer screening (Capability: aOR: 1.39, 95%CIs: 1.26, 1.52, p < 0.001; Opportunity: aOR: 1.44, 95%CIs: 1.11, 1.87; p < 0.01; Motivation: aOR: 1.45, 95%CIs: 1.05, 2.00; p < 0.05).
Most CPs encourage patients to spot or respond to potential cancer symptoms, while only half help them make an informed decision to participate in bowel cancer screening. A multifaceted approach, targeting multiple COM-B components, is required to change these behaviours.
人们对社区药房在癌症的早期诊断和预防中的作用越来越感兴趣。本研究旨在调查社区药剂师（CPs）鼓励患者发现或应对潜在癌症迹象和症状的频率，以及他们帮助人们做出知情决策参与结直肠癌筛查的频率。
对 400 名完成 2018 年英国癌症研究 UK Healthcare Professional Tracker 调查的英国 CPs 进行数据分析。主要结果是：“CPs 鼓励患者发现或应对潜在癌症迹象和症状的频率”和“CPs 鼓励合格人员做出知情决定参与结直肠癌筛查的频率”。使用多变量逻辑回归评估行为与人口统计学和心理变量（能力、机会和动机）之间的关联。
大多数（n=331，82.8%）CPs 报告偶尔、经常或总是鼓励患者发现或应对潜在的癌症迹象和症状，而只有一半（n=203，50.8%）报告偶尔、经常或总是帮助人们做出知情决定参与结直肠癌筛查。女性（OR：3.20，95%CI：1.51，6.81；p<0.01）和机会增加（OR：1.72，95%CI：1.12，2.64；p<0.05）和动机（OR：1.76，95%CI：1.37，2.27；p<0.001）与鼓励患者发现或应对潜在的癌症迹象和症状有关；所有三个心理变量都与帮助人们做出知情决定参与结直肠癌筛查有关（能力：OR：1.39，95%CI：1.26，1.52，p<0.001；机会：OR：1.44，95%CI：1.11，1.87；p<0.01；动机：OR：1.45，95%CI：1.05，2.00；p<0.05）。
大多数 CPs 鼓励患者发现或应对潜在的癌症症状，而只有一半帮助他们做出知情决定参与结直肠癌筛查。需要采取多方面的方法，针对多个 COM-B 因素，才能改变这些行为。
