Pharmaceutical and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Art and Science Faculty, Chemistry Department, 60250, Tokat, Turkey; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Research Institute, Center for Environment and Marine Studies, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
Anal Chim Acta. 2022 Mar 22;1199:339570. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339570. Epub 2022 Feb 2.
An effective extraction procedure based dispersive solid phase extraction was developed for the extraction of different pesticides (dimethoate, imidacloprid, pirimicarb, carbaryl, fenitrothion, hexythiazox, and phosalone) from milk samples. The analytes were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In this method, an organic polymer (polystyrene) was dissolved in a water-miscible organic solvent (tetrahydrofuran) and it was injected into the aqueous phase obtained from milk sample after deprotonation. By this action the sorbent (polymer) was precipitated and dispersed in the solution as tiny particles. By doing so, the pesticides were adsorbed onto the sorbent. After that, the sorbent was separated by centrifugation and the adsorbed analytes were eluted by tetrabutylammonium chloride: dichloroacetic acid deep eutectic solvent. After optimization, the method validation was followed according to Food and Drug Administration and International Research Council guidelines and the results showed that wide linear ranges (0.93-500 ng/mL) and low limits of detection (0.09-0.27 ng/mL) and quantification (0.31-0.93 ng/mL) were obtained. Extraction recoveries and extraction and enrichment factors were in the ranges of 81-94% and 162-188, respectively. Relative standard deviations were less than 9% for intra- (n = 6) and inter-day (n = 6) precisions at three concentration of 2, 5, and 25 ng mL of each analyte. The developed method was successfully applied to twenty cow milk samples for determination of the pesticides.
建立了一种基于分散固相萃取的有效提取方法,用于从牛奶样品中提取不同的农药(乐果、吡虫啉、嘧啶carb、carbaryl、fenitrothion、hexythiazox 和 phosalone)。采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定了这些分析物。在该方法中,将有机聚合物(聚苯乙烯)溶解在水混溶性有机溶剂(四氢呋喃)中,并在牛奶样品去质子化后注入水相。通过这一操作,将吸附剂(聚合物)沉淀并分散在溶液中形成微小颗粒。这样,农药就被吸附到吸附剂上。然后,通过离心分离吸附剂,并通过四丁基氯化铵:二氯乙酸深共晶溶剂洗脱吸附的分析物。在优化后,根据食品和药物管理局和国际研究委员会的指导方针进行了方法验证,结果表明,该方法具有较宽的线性范围(0.93-500ng/mL)和较低的检测限(0.09-0.27ng/mL)和定量限(0.31-0.93ng/mL)。提取回收率和提取富集因子分别在 81-94%和 162-188 之间。在每个分析物的 2、5 和 25ng/mL 三个浓度下,日内(n=6)和日间(n=6)精密度的相对标准偏差均小于 9%。该方法成功应用于二十份牛奶样品中,用于测定这些农药。