Department of Geosciences, University of Padova, Via Giovanni Gradenigo 6, 35131, Padua, Italy.
Inter-Departmental Research Centre for the Study of Cement Materials and Hydraulic Binders (CIRCe), University of Padova, Via Giovanni Gradenigo 6, 35131, Padua, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2022 Feb 28;12(1):3339. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-07406-x.
Radiocarbon dating of the carbonate binder of historical mortars is a strategic research topic not lacking in complexities. The critical step is the separation of anthropogenic CaCO-binder from other carbonate sources that could severely affect the resulting dates. Here we present a complete procedure for the processing and characterization of difficult mortars and of the separated binder fractions in order to assess a priori the chances of positively dating the mortar, and produce a binder fraction yielding the most reliable radiocarbon dates possible. Two complex architectural case studies from Northern Italy are presented and discussed in detail: the churches of Santa Maria Maggiore (Lomello, Pavia) and Santa Maria (Torba, Varese). The results support that both the reliability assessment and the successful radiocarbon dating are possible through a multi-analytical approach encompassing mineralogical and petrographic characterization, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, measurement of carbon and oxygen stable isotopes, and optical cathodoluminescence.
对历史砂浆的碳酸盐胶结物进行放射性碳年代测定是一个具有复杂性的战略研究课题。关键步骤是将人为产生的 CaCO3-胶结物与其他可能严重影响结果日期的碳酸盐源分离。本文介绍了一种完整的处理和表征困难砂浆及其分离胶结物的方法，以便在进行放射性碳年代测定之前评估砂浆的可能性，并产生尽可能可靠的放射性碳日期的胶结物部分。本文详细介绍和讨论了来自意大利北部的两个复杂建筑案例研究：洛梅洛的圣玛丽亚马焦雷教堂（Santa Maria Maggiore）和瓦雷泽的圣玛丽亚教堂（Santa Maria）。结果表明，通过涵盖矿物学和岩相学特征、X 射线粉末衍射、扫描电子显微镜、碳和氧稳定同位素测量以及光学阴极发光的多分析方法，可以实现对可靠性评估和成功进行放射性碳年代测定的支持。
