Mba Ifeanyi Elibe, Nweze Emeka Innocent, Eze Emmanuel Aniebonam, Anyaegbunam Zikora Kizito Glory
Department of Microbiology University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Department of Microbiology University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Infect Genet Evol. 2022 Apr;99:105256. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105256. Epub 2022 Feb 26.
Candida albicans is the most implicated fungal species that grows as a commensal or opportunistic pathogen in the human host. It is associated with many life-threatening infections, especially in immunocompromised persons. The genome of Candida albicans is very flexible and can withstand a wide assortment of variations in a continuously changing environment. Thus, genome plasticity is central to its adaptation and has long been of considerable interest. C. albicans has a diploid heterozygous genome that is highly dynamic and can display variation from small to large scale chromosomal rearrangement and aneuploidy, which have implications in drug resistance, virulence, and pathogenicity. This review presents an up-to-date overview of recent genomic studies involving C. albicans. It discusses the accumulating evidence that shows how mitotic recombination events, ploidy dynamics, aneuploidy, and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) influence evolution, adaptation, and survival in C. albicans. Understanding the factors that affect the genome is crucial for a proper understanding of species and rapid development and adjustment of therapeutic strategies to mitigate their spread.
白色念珠菌是最常涉及的真菌物种，它在人类宿主中作为共生菌或机会性病原体生长。它与许多危及生命的感染有关，尤其是在免疫功能低下的人群中。白色念珠菌的基因组非常灵活，能够在不断变化的环境中承受各种各样的变异。因此，基因组可塑性是其适应的核心，长期以来一直备受关注。白色念珠菌具有二倍体杂合基因组，该基因组高度动态，可表现出从小规模到大规模的染色体重排和非整倍体变异，这对耐药性、毒力和致病性都有影响。本综述对涉及白色念珠菌的近期基因组研究进行了最新概述。它讨论了越来越多的证据，这些证据表明有丝分裂重组事件、倍性动态、非整倍体和杂合性缺失（LOH）如何影响白色念珠菌的进化、适应和生存。了解影响基因组的因素对于正确理解该物种以及快速开发和调整治疗策略以减轻其传播至关重要。
