The hard x-ray nanotomography microscope at the advanced light source.

Beamline 11.3.1 at the Advanced Light Source is a tender/hard (6-17 keV) x-ray bend magnet beamline recently re-purposed with a new full-field, nanoscale transmission x-ray microscope. The microscope is designed to image composite and porous materials possessing a submicrometer structure and compositional heterogeneity that determine materials' performance and geologic behavior. The theoretical and achieved resolutions are 55 and <100 nm, respectively. The microscope is used in tandem with a <25 nm eccentricity rotation stage for high-resolution volume imaging using nanoscale computed tomography. The system also features a novel bipolar illumination condenser for the illumination of an ∼100 μm spot of interest on the sample, followed by a phase-type zone plate magnifying objective of ∼52 µm field of view and a phase detection ring. The zone plate serves as the system objective and magnifies the sample with projection onto an indirect x-ray detection system, consisting of a polished single crystal CsI(Tl) scintillator and a range of high-quality Plan Fluorite visible light objectives. The objectives project the final visible light image onto a water-cooled CMOS 2048 × 2048-pixel detector. Here, we will discuss the salient features of this instrument and describe early results from imaging the internal three-dimensional microstructure and nanostructure of target materials, including fiber-reinforced composites and geomaterials.