Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Zhubei City, Hsinchu County, Taiwan.
School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 1;12(1):3401. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-07457-0.
This is a retrospective longitudinal study that uses data from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan of which hypothyroid patients who received a diagnosis between 2000 and 2010 were selected and followed up until 2011. The primary outcome of this study was the occurrence of tinnitus (ICD-9-CM code 388.3). The relevant comorbidities were selected as potential confounders according to the literature, which included vertigo (ICD-9-CM code 386), insomnia (ICD-9-CM code 780), anxiety (ICD-9-CM code 300.00), and hearing loss (ICD-9-CM code 388-389). The overall incidence of tinnitus was significantly higher in the hypothyroidism cohort than in the non-hypothyroidism cohort (9.49 vs. 6.03 per 1000 person-years), with an adjusted HR of 1.35 (95% CI 1.18-1.54) after adjusting potential confounders. The incidences of tinnitus, as stratified by gender, age, comorbidity, and follow-up time, were all significantly higher in the hypothyroidism cohort than those in the non-hypothyroidism cohort. The incidence of tinnitus significantly increased with age (aHR = 1.01, 95% CI 1.01-1.02). In conclusion, we report the relationship between hypothyroidism and the increased risk for tinnitus. We also found that hypothyroidism patients are at increased risk of developing tinnitus when associated with comorbidities including vertigo, hearing loss, and insomnia.
这是一项回顾性纵向研究，使用了来自中国台湾地区全民健康保险研究数据库（NHIRD）的数据。该研究选取了 2000 年至 2010 年间被诊断为甲状腺功能减退症的患者，并随访至 2011 年。本研究的主要结局是耳鸣的发生（ICD-9-CM 代码 388.3）。根据文献，选择了相关的合并症作为潜在混杂因素，包括眩晕（ICD-9-CM 代码 386）、失眠（ICD-9-CM 代码 780）、焦虑（ICD-9-CM 代码 300.00）和听力损失（ICD-9-CM 代码 388-389）。甲状腺功能减退症组的耳鸣总发生率明显高于非甲状腺功能减退症组（9.49 比 6.03/1000 人年），调整潜在混杂因素后，调整后的 HR 为 1.35（95%CI 1.18-1.54）。按性别、年龄、合并症和随访时间分层的耳鸣发生率，甲状腺功能减退症组均明显高于非甲状腺功能减退症组。耳鸣的发生率随年龄增长而显著增加（aHR=1.01，95%CI 1.01-1.02）。总之，我们报告了甲状腺功能减退症与耳鸣风险增加之间的关系。我们还发现，甲状腺功能减退症患者伴有眩晕、听力损失和失眠等合并症时，发生耳鸣的风险增加。
