Alshehri Sultan Z, Abumilha Amjad K, Amer Khaled A, Aldosari Abdulrahman A, Shawkhan Rammas A, Alasmari Khalid A, Sabrah Tameem A
Urology, Aseer Central Hospital, Abha, SAU.
College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU.
Cureus. 2022 Jan 26;14(1):e21628. doi: 10.7759/cureus.21628. eCollection 2022 Jan.
Background Urinary incontinence among women is a widespread clinical condition that is frequently associated with marked physical, social, and psychological adverse impact that significantly worsens their quality of life. This study is conducted to identify the prevalence of urinary incontinence and associated risk factors among Saudi women in Asir Region, Saudi Arabia. Methods Following a cross-sectional design, 1,964 healthy non-pregnant females aged above 13 years attending primary healthcare centers in Asir Region, Saudi Arabia were included. A self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was used, which included sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, questions related to voiding habits, and the validated Arabic version of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ). Results Almost half of the participants (47.5%) had urinary incontinence, of which 26.8% was slight, 16.3% was moderate, and 4.3% was severe. About 15.2% used to leak urine once a week or less, 3.6% used to leak two to three times a week, and 5.6% leaked daily. The leaked amount of urine was small in 26% of participants, while it was moderate and large in 8% and 1.4% of participants, respectively. Leaking urine moderately affected the daily life of 21.9% of participants, while it severely affected 14.7% of participants. Their grades of urinary incontinence differed significantly according to their age group, with the highest prevalence of severe incontinence among those aged 50 years or more (p < 0.001). Grades of urinary incontinence also differed significantly according to participants' marital status, with those married or widowed having the highest prevalence of severe incontinence (8.5% and 19%, respectively; p < 0.001). Moreover, its grades differed significantly according to participants' number of pregnancies, with severe incontinence being highest among those with twice gravidity or three times or more (8.3% and 7.9%, respectively; p = 0.004). Grades of urinary incontinence also differed significantly according to the presence of associated diabetes mellitus and renal/urinary tract diseases (p = 0.001 for both). Conclusions Urinary incontinence is common among Saudi females. Older age, multiparty, and menopause are significant risk factors for urinary incontinence.
女性尿失禁是一种普遍存在的临床病症，常伴有明显的身体、社会和心理不良影响，严重降低其生活质量。本研究旨在确定沙特阿拉伯阿西尔地区沙特女性尿失禁的患病率及相关危险因素。方法：采用横断面设计，纳入沙特阿拉伯阿西尔地区13岁以上在初级医疗保健中心就诊的1964名健康非孕女性。使用自行填写的半结构化问卷，包括社会人口学和临床特征、与排尿习惯相关的问题，以及经验证的阿拉伯语版国际尿失禁咨询问卷（ICIQ）。结果：近一半参与者（47.5%）有尿失禁，其中轻度尿失禁占26.8%，中度尿失禁占16.3%，重度尿失禁占4.3%。约15.2%的人每周漏尿一次或更少，3.6%的人每周漏尿两到三次，5.6%的人每天漏尿。26%的参与者漏尿量少，8%和1.4%的参与者漏尿量分别为中度和大量。漏尿对21.9%的参与者日常生活有中度影响，对14.7%的参与者有严重影响。尿失禁程度根据年龄组有显著差异，50岁及以上人群中重度尿失禁患病率最高（p<0.001）。尿失禁程度根据参与者婚姻状况也有显著差异，已婚或丧偶者中重度尿失禁患病率最高（分别为8.5%和19%；p<0.001）。此外，尿失禁程度根据参与者怀孕次数有显著差异，怀孕两次或三次及以上者中重度尿失禁患病率最高（分别为8.3%和7.9%；p = 0.004）。尿失禁程度根据是否伴有糖尿病和肾脏/泌尿系统疾病也有显著差异（两者p均 = 0.001）。结论：尿失禁在沙特女性中很常见。年龄较大、多产和绝经是尿失禁的重要危险因素。
