Abdulhusain Jasim A, Darraj Marwa J, Alasbool Mohamed Y, Alasoomi Eman K, Altahoo Yusuf A J, Tadayyon Bahnaz E, Alawainati Mahmood A
Family Medicine Resident - Family Residency Program, Ministry of Health, Halat Bu Maher Health Center, Muharraq, Bahrain.
Family Practice Residency Program, Ministry of Health, Halat Bu Maher Health Center, Muharraq, Bahrain.
J Family Community Med. 2024 Oct-Dec;31(4):313-320. doi: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_94_24. Epub 2024 Oct 10.
Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common health concern of women that often goes untreated owing to a lack of awareness and social stigma. It is associated with a lower quality of life and negative bio-psycho-social consequences. Therefore, it is crucial to diagnose UI and manage it in its early stages. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors in females attending Primary Healthcare Centers (PHCCs) in Bahrain.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 8 PHCCs in Bahrain in April 2023. Females aged 18 and above were included. A multistage sampling technique was adopted. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form was used. Univariate and logistic regression analyses were performed.
A total of 875 adult females were enrolled in the study with an average age of 37.5 (standard deviation = 12.3) years. Of the cohort, 24.8% patients had UI with stress incontinence as the most common type (71%), followed by urgency UI (21.2%). However, only 21.7% women had sought medical attention. Being a widow (Odds ratio [OR] = 2.49, P=0.007), retired (OR = 1.98, P=0.016), having had multiple pregnancies (95% CI: 0.82, 0.98; = 0.016), having urogenital infection (OR = 2.50, P=0.001), having undergone surgery other than C-section (OR = 1.60, P=0.017), and constipation (OR = 1.62, P=0.038) were associated with increased risk for UI.
This study revealed a relatively high prevalence of UI in females attending PHCCs. Since most patients with incontinence did not seek medical care, primary care physicians should address UI in patients using a well-structured screening tool and provide relevant health education.
尿失禁（UI）是女性常见的健康问题，由于缺乏认识和社会 stigma，往往得不到治疗。它与较低的生活质量和负面的生物心理社会后果相关。因此，早期诊断和管理尿失禁至关重要。本研究旨在评估巴林初级医疗中心（PHCCs）女性患者的患病率、特征和危险因素。
2023年4月在巴林的8个PHCCs进行了一项横断面研究。纳入18岁及以上的女性。采用多阶段抽样技术。使用了一份自我管理的问卷，包括社会人口学特征、危险因素和国际尿失禁咨询问卷简表。进行了单因素和逻辑回归分析。
共有875名成年女性参与研究，平均年龄为37.5（标准差=12.3）岁。在该队列中，24.8%的患者患有尿失禁，其中压力性尿失禁最为常见（71%），其次是急迫性尿失禁（21.2%）。然而，只有21.7%的女性寻求过医疗帮助。丧偶（优势比[OR]=2.49，P=0.007）、退休（OR=1.98，P=0.016）、多次怀孕（95%CI：0.82，0.98；=0.016）、泌尿生殖系统感染（OR=2.50，P=0.001）、接受过剖宫产以外的手术（OR=1.60，P=0.017）和便秘（OR=1.62，P=0.038）与尿失禁风险增加相关。
本研究显示，在PHCCs就诊的女性中尿失禁患病率相对较高。由于大多数尿失禁患者未寻求医疗护理，初级保健医生应使用结构良好的筛查工具对患者进行尿失禁评估，并提供相关健康教育。
